The Impact of Communication Impairments on the Social Relationships of Older Adults: Pathways to Psychological Well-Being.
The Impact of Communication Impairments on the Social Relationships of Older Adults: Pathways to Psychological Well-Being.
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沟通障碍对老年人社会关系的影响：心理健康之路。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Newsom
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Andrew D. Palmer;P. Carder;D. White;G. Saunders;Hyeyoung Woo;D. Graville;J. Newsom
众所周知，社会接触对老年人的身心健康至关重要，但由于沟通障碍往往与其他类型的残疾同时发生，因此很难概括沟通障碍对老年人社会关系的相对影响。该研究的具体目的是研究沟通障碍的严重程度是否与一系列社会指标有关，以及这些特征与心理健康之间的关系。方法选取65 ~ 94岁居住在社区的老年人进行沟通、健康、老龄化、关系类型和支持的研究。该样本包括240名参与者，他们患有各种病因引起的沟通障碍，包括听力障碍、声音障碍、头颈癌和神经系统疾病，以及没有沟通障碍的老年人。结果沟通障碍是社会关系关键特征的显著独立预测因子，包括社交网络中的朋友数量、两种类型的社会支持、社会参与频率和社会自我效能。沟通障碍也是孤独和抑郁程度较高的重要预测因素。此外，沟通障碍和心理健康之间有两条不同的通路，社会自我效能感和价值保证是中介。即使在控制了年龄、性别、健康和残疾因素后，沟通障碍仍是老年人社会功能关键方面的重要独立预测因子，并显示了导致孤独和抑郁的两种不同途径。补充材料https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.7250282。
Purpose Social contact is known to be vital for older adults' mental and physical health but, because communication impairments often co-occur with other types of disability, it is difficult to generalize about the relative impact of a communication impairment on the social relationships of older adults. Specific aims of the study were to examine whether the severity of a communication impairment was associated with a range of social measures and to examine the association between these characteristics and psychological well-being. Method Community-dwelling older adults ranging in age from 65 to 94 were recruited for the study of Communication, Health, Aging, Relationship Types and Support. The sample included 240 participants with communication disorders arising from a variety of etiologies including hearing impairment, voice disorders, head and neck cancer, and neurologic disease, as well as older adults without a communication disorder. Results Communication impairment was a significant independent predictor for key characteristics of social relationships, including the number of friends in the social network, two types of social support, the frequency of social participation, and social self-efficacy. Communication impairment was also a significant predictor for higher levels of loneliness and depression. In addition, two distinct pathways between communication impairment and psychological well-being were identified, with social self-efficacy and reassurance of worth as mediators. Conclusions Even after controlling for age, gender, health, and disability, communication impairment is a significant independent predictor for key aspects of the social function of older adults and demonstrates two distinct pathways to loneliness and depression. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.7250282.
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