Reverse genetic systems of SARS-CoV-2 for antiviral research.
Reverse genetic systems of SARS-CoV-2 for antiviral research.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105486
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发表时间：
2023-02
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
反向遗传系统被广泛用于设计具有所需突变的重组病毒。为应对新冠肺炎大流行，已为SARS-CoV-2开发了四种类型的反向遗传系统：(I)可用于制备生物安全级别3的重组SARS-CoV-2的全长感染性克隆，(Ii)可用于在生物安全级别2生产单轮传染性SARS-CoV-2的反式互补系统，(Iii)可被开发用于兽医以及在BSL2进行抗病毒筛选的减毒SARS-CoV-2候选疫苗，以及(Iv)具有病毒结构基因缺失的复制子系统，该复制子系统可用于BSL2。这些基因系统中的每一个都有它的优点和缺点，可以用来解决基础研究和翻译研究的不同问题。由于SARS-CoV-2的基因组大小和对细菌的毒性序列，人们已经建立了几种实验方法来拯救重组病毒和复制体，包括(1)体外DNA连接，(2)细菌人工染色体(BAC)系统，(3)酵母人工染色体(YAC)系统，(4)环状聚合酶延伸反应(CPER)。本文综述了SARS-CoV-2基因系统的研究现状及其在病毒复制、致病机理、疫苗和治疗等方面的应用。
Reverse genetic systems are widely used to engineer recombinant viruses with desired mutations. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, four types of reverse genetic systems have been developed for SARS-CoV-2: (i) a full-length infectious clone that can be used to prepare recombinant SARS-CoV-2 at biosafety level 3 (BSL3), (ii) a trans-complementation system that can be used to produce single-round infectious SARS-CoV-2 at BSL2, (iii) an attenuated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate (with deletions of viral accessory genes) that may be developed for veterinary use as well as for antiviral screening at BSL2, and (iv) replicon systems with deletions of viral structural genes that can be used at BSL2. Each of these genetic systems has its advantages and disadvantages that can be used to address different questions for basic and translational research. Due to the long genomic size and bacteria-toxic sequences of SARS-CoV-2, several experimental approaches have been established to rescue recombinant viruses and replicons, including (i) in vitro DNA ligation, (ii) bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) system, (iii) yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) system, and (iv) circular polymerase extension reaction (CPER). This review summarizes the current status of SARS-CoV-2 genetic systems and their applications for studying viral replication, pathogenesis, vaccines, and therapeutics.
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影响因子：
64.5
作者：
Hou, Yixuan J.;Okuda, Kenichi;Baric, Ralph S.
通讯作者：
Baric, Ralph S.
影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
Masters PS
通讯作者：
Masters PS
影响因子：
5
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Curtis, KM;Yount, B;Baric, RS
通讯作者：
Baric, RS