Developmental shift to a mechanism of synaptic vesicle endocytosis requiring nanodomain Ca2+.

Developmental shift to a mechanism of synaptic vesicle endocytosis requiring nanodomain Ca2+.
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DOI:
10.1038/nn.2576
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发表时间:
2010-07
影响因子:
25
通讯作者:
Takahashi, Tomoyuki
Takahashi, Tomoyuki
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Yamashita, Takayuki;Eguchi, Kohgaku;Saitoh, Naoto;von Gersdorff, Henrique;Takahashi, Tomoyuki

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Ca2+被认为是突触囊泡胞吐和内吞所必需的。然而,Ca2+协调这些过程的方式仍不清楚,特别是在成熟突触中。利用大鼠神经末梢花萼的膜电容测量,我们发现囊泡内吞作用主要是在Ca2+通道周围的Ca2+纳米结构域启动的,在那里胞外分泌被触发。区域外的大量Ca2+也可能参与未成熟突触的内吞作用,尽管只有在更成熟突触的广泛胞外作用之后。这种大量Ca2+依赖的内吞作用需要在未成熟突触激活钙调蛋白和钙调神经磷酸酶,但不需要在更成熟的突触激活。同样,不依赖gtp的内吞作用发生在未成熟突触大量胞外分泌之后,成熟后可以忽略不计。我们提出,纳米结构域Ca2+同时触发突触囊泡的胞外作用和内吞作用,并且Ca2+依赖性内吞作用的分子机制在这种快速中枢突触中经历了重大的发育变化。
Ca2+ is thought to be essential for the exocytosis and endocytosis of synaptic vesicles. However, the manner in which Ca2+ coordinates these processes remains unclear, particularly at mature synapses. Using membrane capacitance measurements from calyx of Held nerve terminals in rats, we found that vesicle endocytosis is initiated primarily in Ca2+ nanodomains around Ca2+ channels, where exocytosis is triggered. Bulk Ca2+ outside of the domain could also be involved in endocytosis at immature synapses, although only after extensive exocytosis at more mature synapses. This bulk Ca2+-dependent endocytosis required calmodulin and calcineurin activation at immature synapses, but not at more mature synapses. Similarly, GTP-independent endocytosis, which occurred after extensive exocytosis at immature synapses, became negligible after maturation. We propose that nanodomain Ca2+ simultaneously triggers exocytosis and endocytosis of synaptic vesicles and that the molecular mechanisms underlying Ca2+-dependent endocytosis undergo major developmental changes at this fast central synapse.
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