Nanotools for neuroscience and brain activity mapping.
Nanotools for neuroscience and brain activity mapping.
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DOI：
10.1021/nn4012847
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发表时间：
2013-03-26
期刊：
影响因子：
17.1
通讯作者：
Zhuang, Xiaowei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alivisatos, A. Paul;Andrews, Anne M.;Boyden, Edward S.;Chun, Miyoung;Church, George M.;Deisseroth, Karl;Donoghue, John P.;Fraser, Scott E.;Lippincott-Schwartz, Jennifer;Looger, Loren L.;Masmanidis, Sotiris;McEuen, Paul L.;Nurmikko, Arto V.;Park, Hongkun;Peterka, Darcy S.;Reid, Clay;Roukes, Michael L.;Scherer, Axel;Schnitzer, Mark;Sejnowski, Terrence J.;Shepard, Kenneth L.;Tsao, Doris;Turrigiano, Gina;Weiss, Paul S.;Xu, Chris;Yuste, Rafael;Zhuang, Xiaowei
神经科学正处于十字路口。人们正在投入巨大的努力来破译特定的神经相互作用和电路。同时，很少有一般的理论或原理来解释大脑的功能。我们将这种差异部分归因于当前方法的局限性。传统的神经生理学方法一次记录一个或几个神经元的活动。神经化学方法侧重于单一的神经递质。然而，人们越来越认识到，神经回路在紧急水平上运行，在这种水平上，成百上千个神经元之间的相互作用，利用多个化学递质，产生功能状态。大脑的功能是纳米级的，所以研究大脑的工具最终也必须在纳米级运行。纳米科学和纳米技术有望提供丰富的工具包，通过同时测量和操纵数千甚至数百万神经元的活动来探索大脑功能。我们和其他人将这一目标称为大脑活动图谱项目。在这个纳米焦点中，我们讨论了纳米分析工具以及纳米材料设计和合成的最新发展如何产生了可以容易地应用于神经科学的光学、电学和化学方法。这些方法代表了令人兴奋的技术开发和研究领域。此外，纳米科学家、纳米技术学家和其他物理学家和工程师有独特的机会为解决在理解大脑功能基本原理方面涉及的挑战性问题做出贡献。
Neuroscience is at a crossroads. Great effort is being invested into deciphering specific neural interactions and circuits. At the same time, there exist few general theories or principles that explain brain function. We attribute this disparity, in part, to limitations in current methodologies. Traditional neurophysiological approaches record the activities of one neuron or a few neurons at a time. Neurochemical approaches focus on single neurotransmitters. Yet, there is an increasing realization that neural circuits operate at emergent levels, where the interactions between hundreds or thousands of neurons, utilizing multiple chemical transmitters, generate functional states. Brains function at the nanoscale, so tools to study brains must ultimately operate at this scale, as well. Nanoscience and nanotechnology are poised to provide a rich toolkit of novel methods to explore brain function by enabling simultaneous measurement and manipulation of activity of thousands or even millions of neurons. We and others refer to this goal as the Brain Activity Mapping Project. In this Nano Focus, we discuss how recent developments in nanoscale analysis tools and in the design and synthesis of nanomaterials have generated optical, electrical, and chemical methods that can readily be adapted for use in neuroscience. These approaches represent exciting areas of technical development and research. Moreover, unique opportunities exist for nanoscientists, nanotechnologists, and other physical scientists and engineers to contribute to tackling the challenging problems involved in understanding the fundamentals of brain function.
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细胞外田地和电流的起源-EEG，ECOG，LFP和尖峰。
DOI：
10.1038/nrn3241
发表时间：
2012-05-18
期刊：
Nature reviews. Neuroscience
影响因子：
--
作者：
Buzsáki G;Anastassiou CA;Koch C
通讯作者：
Koch C
影响因子：
25
作者：
通讯作者：
--
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Azevedo, Frederico A. C.;Carvalho, Ludmila R. B.;Herculano-Houzel, Suzana
通讯作者：
Herculano-Houzel, Suzana
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Chen, Zhixing;Wei, Lu;Min, Wei
通讯作者：
Min, Wei
影响因子：
25
作者：
Boyden, ES;Zhang, F;Deisseroth, K
通讯作者：
Deisseroth, K