Normative Concepts in Ecology and Their Consequences for Enviromental Policy

生态学的规范概念及其对环境政策的影响

• 批准号: 8619533
• 负责人: Kristin Shrader-Frechette
• 金额: $ 7.2万
• 依托单位: University of South Florida
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-01-01 至 1991-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8619533&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Normative; Concepts; Ecology; Their; Consequences

A philosopher who specializes in studies of science policy and environmental ethics and an ecologist who studies plant-animal-habitat interactions will investigate two foundational concepts in ecology: balance of nature and community. The goal is to understand (1) the roles of evaluative assumptions in these concepts, (2) how these assumptions may affect the interpretations and conclusions ecologists draw from their work, and (3) the moral justifiability of the support that may thereby be given to specific policies regarding environmental protection. Meeting weekly, the two investigators will analyze 30 key ecological works. The ecologist has primary responsibility for the analysis of the two concepts; the philosopher, for the ethical analysis. Drafts of their work will be commented on by a group including several ecologists and historians, an expert in environmental policy and a philosopher specializing in ethics and environmental policy. During the course of the project, several graduate seminars in ecology will also examine these issues. Results will include a co- authored manuscript examining the concepts and their presuppositions, the practical consequences of using them in environmental policymaking, and possible answers to questions of the moral justification for their use. This project will provide an important impetus to the development of adequate analyses of theoretical and normative implications of ecological science. The investigators are both exceptionally well- qualified; graduate studies are involved; institutional support is very good. This is a good example of the kind of cross-disciplinary collaborative research EVS should encourage. Results are likely to be provocative and widely disseminated. Costs are very reasonable. Total support in the amount of $72,044 is recommended, with $35,404 to be awarded in this fiscal year.

一位专门研究科学政策和环境伦理的哲学家和一位研究植物-动物-栖息地相互作用的生态学家将研究生态学中的两个基本概念：自然平衡和社区。目标是理解(1)评估假设在这些概念中的作用，(2)这些假设如何影响生态学家从他们的工作中得出的解释和结论，以及(3)因此可能给予有关环境保护的具体政策支持的道德合理性。两名调查员每周开会，分析30项重点生态工程。生态学家对这两个概念的分析负有主要责任；哲学家，为伦理分析。他们的工作草案将由一个由几位生态学家和历史学家、一位环境政策专家和一位专门研究伦理和环境政策的哲学家组成的小组进行评论。在项目过程中，若干生态学研究生研讨会也将研究这些问题。结果将包括一份共同撰写的手稿，检查这些概念及其前提，在环境政策制定中使用它们的实际后果，以及使用它们的道德理由问题的可能答案。这个项目将为发展对生态科学的理论和规范影响的充分分析提供重要的推动力。两位调查员都是非常称职的；涉及研究生学习；制度支持非常好。这是EVS应该鼓励的跨学科合作研究的一个很好的例子。结果很可能具有挑衅性并被广泛传播。费用非常合理。建议总支持金额为72,044美元，本财政年度将提供35,404美元。