Workshop & Conference on Linguistic, Computational, and Philosophical Aspects of Generic, Habitual and Mass Terms to be held Summer 1987 at Stanford University

作坊

• 批准号: 8709887
• 负责人: Ivan Sag
• 金额: $ 1.42万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-07-01 至 1988-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8709887&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Workshop; & Conference; Linguistic; Computational

Abstract Narrative A key component of linguistic theory is semantics, the study of what and how linguistic expressions mean. This is in some ways the most difficult part of linguistics, because meaning is the relationship between what is said and what is talked about, and what is talked about can in principle be anything in the universe, true or false, real or unreal. Most of whatever success there has been in work in linguistic semantics has come about primarily by virtue of setting strict limitations on the classes of meanings to be studied. Further progress depends, then, on progressive relaxation of these limitations, to incorporate broader ranges of linguistic expressions into a general semantic theory. The aim of the workshop proposed here is to accomplish such a broadening of the reach of semantics, to a class of phenomena which have been presenting increasing challenges to semantic analysis under currently available theoretical models. These phenomena are the generic, habitual, and mass terms. Generic expressions say something about classes of things, for example, "Dogs are furry." Habitual expressions describe some kind of activity which happens regularly, even though it may not be happening at the moment, for example, "Max reads Time magazine." Mass terms are those which refer to undifferenti- ated stuff which may be present in greater or lesser quantity, but can't be counted, like "water" or "salt". There is reason to believe that all of these types of expressions are related semantically, and that a proper modification to semantic theory dealing with one type could in principle deal with the other types as well. These expressions are of particular importance because they are the typical form of scientific statements, and our failure so far to be able to perform a satisfactory semantic analysis of them has made it impossible to deal with such statements in a computational environment. The participants in the workshop are linguists and logicians who have been trying to cope with the semantic problems related to this set of phenomena from their own respective perspectives for some time now. While they have made some notable progress, each has encountered significant problems, which they believe may be amenable to attack from the perspective of one of the others. The workshop will provide an extended period of intensive interaction to allow them to follow up these leads fully, and report their findings to the rest of the community interested in these problems.

抽象叙事 语言学理论的一个关键组成部分是语义学， 语言学研究语言表达的意义和方式。 这是 语言学中最困难的部分，因为 意义是说的和是的之间的关系 谈论，而谈论的内容原则上可以是 宇宙中的任何东西，真的或假的，真实的或不真实的。 最 在语言学领域取得的任何成功 语义学主要是通过设置严格的 对要研究的意义类别的限制。 进一步 因此，进步取决于逐步放松这些限制。 限制，以纳入更广泛的语言范围 将表达式转化为一般语义理论。 本次研讨会的目的是实现 这样一个语义范围的扩大，到一类 这些现象日益挑战 在现有的理论模型下进行语义分析。 这些现象是一般的、习惯的和大量的术语。 类属表达式表示事物的类别，因为 例如，“狗是毛茸茸的。“习惯用语描述了一些 一种经常发生的活动，即使它可能 例如，“Max阅读时间” 杂志。“大众术语指的是无差别的-- 可以以更大或更小的量存在的酯化物质， 但不能计数，就像“水”或“盐” 有理由 相信所有这些类型的表达都是相关的 语义学上，对语义学理论的适当修改 原则上，处理一种类型可以处理另一种类型 类型也是。 这些表达方式特别重要 因为它们是科学陈述的典型形式， 到目前为止，我们未能履行令人满意的 对它们的语义分析使我们无法处理 在计算环境中这样的陈述。 研讨会的参与者是语言学家， 逻辑学家们一直在努力科普语义 与这一系列现象相关的问题来自他们自己 一段时间以来各自的观点。 虽然他们有 取得了一些显著的进展，每个人都遇到了重大的困难。 问题，他们认为可能是经得起攻击的， 另一个人的视角。 研讨会将提供一个 长时间的密集互动，使他们能够 全面跟进这些线索，并向 社区其他人对这些问题感兴趣。