The effect of Federal Judicial Appointments on Judicial Process and Behavior

司法程序和司法判决的行使可能受到联邦司法任命政治的影响；然而，对任命程序对下级联邦地区法院的影响的了解仍然是初级的，与其重要性不相称。罗兰博士的研究涉及政治、判断和美国法学演变之间的联系等基本问题。在整合了经济学、社会心理学和政治学等多种理论的努力中，罗兰博士的调查包括衡量任命对1981年至1985年间在民权、公民自由、劳工、监管和合同案件中法官发表和未发表意见的影响。不仅要审查任命总统的效果，还要审查“家乡效应”，这是由产生任命的家乡力量的政治来衡量的。此外，在两个司法管辖区（堪萨斯州堪萨斯城和密苏里州堪萨斯城）参与和解和诉讼的律师接受了采访，以确定他们的和解或诉讼决定在多大程度上是基于法官的感知偏好和政治倾向。虽然关于政治和法律程序之间的相互关系有很多猜测，但这项研究应该产生关于两者如何相互影响司法行为的系统知识。

Judicial process and the exercise of judicial judgment may be affected by the politics of federal judicial appointments; yet, understanding the impact of the appointment process on the lower federal district courts remains rudimentary and incommensurate with its importance. Dr. Rowland's research addresses fundamental questions about the links between politics, judgment, and the evolution of American jurisprudence. In an effort which integrates diverse theories from economics, social psychology, and political science, Dr. Rowland's investigation includes the measurement of appointment effects on both the published and unpublished opinions of judges in the areas of civil rights, civil liberties, labor, regulation and contract cases decided between 1981 and 1985. Not only is the effect of the appointing President to be examined, but also the "home state effect," as measured by the politics of those home state forces which generated the appointment. In addition, attorneys involved in settlement and litigation in two jurisdictions, Kansas City, Kansas, and Kansas City, Missouri, are interviewed to determine the extent to which their decisions to settle or litigate were based on the judge's perceived predilections and political leanings. While there is much conjecture about the interrelationship between political and legal processes, this study should yield systematic knowledge of how the two mesh to influence judicial behavior.