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Singular Filaments Organizing Chemical Reactions in Three Dimensions

在三维空间组织化学反应的单丝

基本信息

批准号：
8711886
负责人：
Arthur Winfree
金额：
$ 12.1万
依托单位：
University of Arizona
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
1987
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1987-06-01 至 1989-10-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8711886&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Singular Filaments Organizing Chemical Reactions

项目摘要

Chemically-reacting systems tend to organize themselves in space and time, unless the usual agents of mass and energy transfer among volume elements (e.g. diffusion, convection, radiation) are suppressed. An instance simple enough to be fruitfully tractable in both theory and experiment has come to light in an aqueous isothermal reaction system internally coupled by molecular diffusion alone. Mathematical analysis, computer simulation, and chemical experiments have revealed the existence of mm-scale "organizing centers" in such excitable reaction systems. Dr. Winfree plans to study the anatomy and behavior of such organizing centers experimentally and by computer simulation. Such systems are of interest not only to physical chemists, engineers, and mathematicians, but also to biophysicists studying the activity patterns in neuromuscular tissue, i.e. fibrillations, cardiac rhythms and arrhythmias, and epileptic seizures. For example, recent experimental tests of Dr. Winfree's proposition that the newly discovered three-dimensional waves in reaction-diffusion media should also be observed in heart muscle, where the equations are practically the same even though the underlying physics is quite different, indicate that the proposition is sound. These results are of immediate practical interest to cardiologists.

化学反应系统倾向于在空间和时间上组织自己，除非通常的体积元素之间的质量和能量传递因素（例如扩散、对流、辐射）被抑制。在一个内部仅由分子扩散耦合的水等温反应系统中，发现了一个简单到足以在理论和实验上都易于处理的例子。数学分析、计算机模拟和化学实验表明，在这种可激反应系统中存在毫米尺度的“组织中心”。温弗里博士计划通过实验和计算机模拟来研究这些组织中心的解剖学和行为。这种系统不仅引起物理化学家、工程师和数学家的兴趣，而且引起研究神经肌肉组织活动模式的生物物理学家的兴趣，如纤颤、心律失常和癫痫发作。例如，最近对Winfree博士的命题进行的实验测试表明，该命题是正确的，即在反应扩散介质中新发现的三维波也应该在心肌中观察到，其中的方程实际上是相同的，尽管潜在的物理原理完全不同。这些结果对心脏病专家具有直接的实际意义。