COHMAP -- Cooperative Holocene Mapping Project

COHMAP——全新世合作制图项目

• 批准号: 8713227
• 负责人: John Kutzbach
• 金额: $ 41.6万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-09-01 至 1991-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8713227&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: COHMAP; Cooperative; Holocene; Mapping; Project

One method to evaluate our understanding of the climate system is to compare model simulations of past climate with reconstructions of the climate from the data available for those time periods. This is the approach of the COHMAP project (Cooperative Holocene Mapping Project), a multi-institutional (Brown, Columbia, Minnesota, Oregon and Wisconsin) effort focused on examination of the climate of the last 18,000 years. This time interval encompasses the last glacial maximum, the termination of the glaciation, and the present Holocene interglacial. The investigators are reconstructing climate from pollen, lake levels, and marine plankton. The global data sets are organized in 3,000 year intervals and include ice-sheet height area, distributions of fossil plankton, pollen and plant microfossils, and status of lake levels. The project includes a parallel effort to simulate the global patterns of climate with the Community Climate model of the National Center for Atmospheric Research. The simulation experiments are "snapshots" of the climate at 3,000 year intervals spanning the same 18,000 year period and incorporating the effects of changes in earth's orbital parameters and slowly changing boundary conditions such as ice- sheet height and area. Proposed work over the next several years includes (1) completion of global analysis of the observed paleoclimate and comparison with recent numerical simulation experiments, (2) initiation of new work with ocean models and comparison of simulations with fossil plankton distributions, (3) test the sensitivity of the model simulations to variations in atmospheric carbon dioxide and aerosol that have accompanied climate changes over the past 18,000 years, (4) intrepretation of data from North America, North Atlantic, and Europe for quantitative reconstructions of past climates. This work should lead to an improved understanding and theory of the dynamics of glacial/interglacial (i.e., large scale) climatic change, to an appreciation of the strengths and weaknesses of climate models, and to new insights about the nature of the relationships between the biosphere and climate.

评估我们对气候理解的一种方法 该系统将过去气候的模型模拟与 根据现有数据重建气候 时间段. 这就是COHMAP项目的方法 （合作全新世测绘项目），一个多机构 （布朗、哥伦比亚、明尼苏达、俄勒冈州和威斯康星州）努力集中 研究了过去18,000年的气候 这 时间间隔包括最后一次冰期最大， 冰川作用的终止和现在的全新世 间冰期的 研究人员正在重建气候， 花粉湖面和海洋浮游生物 全球数据集 是以3,000年为间隔排列的， 高度区、浮游生物化石、花粉和植物分布 微体化石和湖平面的状态。 该项目包括一个 模拟全球气候模式的平行努力， 国家气候中心的社区气候模型 大气研究。 模拟实验是“快照” 气候变化的时间间隔是3,000年， 年期间，并纳入地球的变化的影响， 轨道参数和缓慢变化的边界条件，例如 如冰盖的高度和面积。 下一年的拟议工作 几年包括（1）完成全球分析， 古气候观测及与现代数值模拟的比较 模拟实验，（2）开始新的工作与海洋 模型和模拟与化石浮游生物的比较 分布，（3）检验模型模拟的灵敏度 大气中二氧化碳和气溶胶的变化， 过去18，000年来伴随着气候变化，（4） 解释来自北美、北大西洋和 欧洲过去气候的定量重建。 这 工作应导致更好的理解和理论的 冰川/间冰期的动力学（即，大尺度）气候 改变，以欣赏的长处和弱点， 气候模型，以及对自然的新见解， 生物圈与气候的关系。