Collaborative Research: A Phylogenetic Analysis of Behavior and Morphology in Anabantid Fishes

合作研究：攀岩鱼类行为和形态的系统发育分析

• 批准号: 8714123
• 负责人: Michael Douglas
• 金额: $ 4.2万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-06-01 至 1991-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8714123&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Phylogenetic; Analysis; Behavior

Behavior is an important aspect of an organism's evolutionary history. It dictates when and where mating will occur, if and how offspring will be nurtured, the types of food eaten, and the habitats lived in. Can researchers use behavioral characteristics to determine anything about the relationships between species? Some researchers argue that the closely-related species exhibit quite similar behaviors, while more distantly- related forms display radically different behaviors. In this sense, behavior would be a good (though untested) tool for constructing phylogenies. However, many other researchers state that behavior would not be a good indicator of genealogical relationships because it is plastic, labile, and easily modified. There have been many instances of behavioral modifications between species that have, for example, led to speciation. The proposed study will evaluate the phylogenetic content of behavioral data by comparing nuptial and agonistic behaviors exhibited by a group of African fishes against a more traditional phylogeny generated for these fishes from anatomical characteristics. These fish were chosen for study because numerous prior studies have been based upon them, and because of the rich repertoire of behaviors these fishes display. The results of the research will be of considerable interest to behavioralists, systematists, evolutionary biologists, and psychologists interested in the question of 'nature vs. nurture.'

行为是生物体进化史的一个重要方面。它决定了交配发生的时间和地点，是否以及如何培育后代，吃的食物的类型，以及栖息地。研究人员能用行为特征来确定物种之间的关系吗？一些研究人员认为，关系密切的物种表现出非常相似的行为，而远亲关系较远的物种表现出截然不同的行为。从这个意义上说，行为将是构建系统发展史的一个很好的工具(尽管没有经过测试)。然而，许多其他研究人员指出，行为不是家谱关系的良好指标，因为它是可塑性的，不稳定的，很容易修改的。例如，物种之间的行为改变导致了物种形成的例子很多。这项拟议的研究将评估行为数据的系统发育内容，方法是将一组非洲鱼类表现出的婚礼和争斗行为与根据解剖学特征为这些鱼类生成的更传统的系统发育进行比较。之所以选择这些鱼进行研究，是因为之前的许多研究都是以它们为基础的，而且这些鱼表现出了丰富的行为模式。这项研究的结果将会引起行为主义者、系统主义者、进化生物学家和对“先天与后天”问题感兴趣的心理学家的极大兴趣。