Dissertation Research: A Field-Test of Damage-induced Alkaloidal Defenses in Wild Tobacco

论文研究：野生烟草损伤诱导的生物碱防御的现场测试

• 批准号: 8714888
• 负责人: Thomas Eisner
• 金额: $ 1.37万
• 依托单位: Cornell University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-11-15 至 1989-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8714888&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Field; Test; Damage

Herbivore-induced defense in plants is well documented, but field evidence that these induced changes protect plants is lacking. The damage-induced increases in leaf alkaloid content in wild tobacco will be studied. Currently enough mechanistic information on the workings of this induced defense system to propose a field test of its ecological significance is available. With a previously tested experimental design that involves artificially damaging two groups of wild Nicotiana repanda plants growing in south-Texas, hormonally supressing the alkaloidal respose in one group, measuring the amount of natural herbivory sustained by induced and suppressed plants and their respective alkaloid coantents, the following three questions will be addressed: 1) are these damage-induced alkaloid levels functioning as an antiherbivore defense? 2) is this induced- defense costly in terms of reproductive output? and 3) is there variation in herbivory between different populations of wild tobacco, and is this variation correlated with variation in the benefit (reduced herbivory) and cost (reproductive costs) of this induced defense? This project is one of the few field studies of induced plant resistance which simultaneously measures both leaf chemistry and herbivore performance. Moreover, it is the first time the efficacy of an induced defense has been studied by inhibiting the defense in damaged plants, and the first project to measure the reproductive cost of defense.

食草动物诱导的植物防御是有据可查的，但 实地证据表明，这些诱导的变化保护植物， 缺乏 伤害诱导的叶片生物碱含量增加 将对野生烟草进行研究。 目前足够机械化 关于这种诱导防御系统的工作原理的信息， 提出了一个生态意义的实地测试是可用的。 与之前测试过的实验设计， 人工伤害两组野生黑烟植株 生长在德克萨斯州南部， 在一个群体中，测量天然食草动物的数量， 受诱导和抑制的植物及其各自的 生物碱coantens，以下三个问题将是 解决：1）这些损伤诱导的生物碱水平 作为反食草动物的防御系统 2)这是诱导的- 在生殖输出方面的防御成本高吗？（3）有 不同野生种群之间食草动物的变异 烟草，这种变化是否与 利益（减少食草动物）和成本（生殖成本） 诱导防御？ 该项目是为数不多的实地研究之一 诱导植物抗性，同时测量两片叶 化学和食草动物的表现。 此外，它是第一个 时间诱导防御的功效已经研究了由 抑制受损植物的防御，第一个项目 来衡量防御的生殖成本。