U.S.-New Zealand Cooperative Research: Breeding Improved Pasture Legumes from the Cross Trifolium ambiguum x T. repens

美国-新西兰合作研究：通过三叶草 x 白三叶草杂交育种改良牧草豆类

• 批准号: 8722890
• 负责人: Elizabeth Williams
• 金额: $ 0.9万
• 依托单位: University of Kentucky
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-06-01 至 1990-04-02
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8722890&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: U.S.; New; Zealand; Cooperative; Research

This award will enable collaborative research between Dr. Elizabeth G. Williams of the University of Kentucky and Dr. Warren M. Williams and John Vanden Bosch of the Grasslands Division, Department of Scientific and Industrial Research located at Palmerston North, New Zealand. These researchers will produce interspecific genetic hybrids between white clover and kura clover in order to construct breeding populations of advanced generation hybrids and backcrosses to both parents. White clover, Trifolium repens, is a major pasture legume in both the U.S. and New Zealand. While this clover has the ability to withstand heavy grazing if moisture is adequate, thus improving the quality of grasslands both with respect to digestible energy and protein, and in terms of symbiotic nitrogen fixation, unfortunately its use is limited by a lack of persistence under lowered moisture conditions. Kura (Caucasian) clover, Trifolium ambiguum, possessess a vigorous underground perennial root and rhizome system and is both more drought resistant and shows resistance to a number of different viruses which affect white clover. The University of Kentucky staff will focus their activity on the generation of new hybrids through a seed embryo rescue technique which they have developed along with chromosome doubling and tissue culturing of hybrid materials. Virus testing studies will also be conducted in the U.S. The New Zealand investigators will focus their work on X-irradiation to enhance genetic exchange, the development of further advanced generation hybrids, and the selection for fertility and agronomic performance of the new hybrid materials. The collaboration between the U.S. and New Zealand investigators, working in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, enables a doubling in the growing of experimental hybrid clover crops each year.

该奖项将促进肯塔基大学的 Elizabeth G. Williams 博士与新西兰北帕默斯顿科学与工业研究部草原部的 Warren M. Williams 博士和 John Vanden Bosch 之间的合作研究。 这些研究人员将在白三叶草和库拉三叶草之间产生种间遗传杂交种，以构建高一代杂交种的育种群体并与双亲回交。 白三叶草（Trifolium repens）是美国和新西兰的主要牧草豆科植物。 虽然这种三叶草在水分充足的情况下能够承受重度放牧，从而在可消化能量和蛋白质方面以及在共生固氮方面提高草原的质量，但不幸的是，它的使用因在较低湿度条件下缺乏持久性而受到限制。 库拉（高加索）三叶草（Trifolium ambiguum）拥有旺盛的地下多年生根和根茎系统，具有更强的抗旱性，并且对影响白三叶草的多种不同病毒具有抵抗力。 肯塔基大学的工作人员将把他们的活动重点放在通过种子胚胎拯救技术产生新的杂交品种上，该技术是他们与染色体加倍和杂交材料的组织培养一起开发的。 病毒测试研究也将在美国进行。新西兰研究人员将把工作重点放在 X 辐射上，以加强基因交换、开发更先进的一代杂交品种，以及选择新杂交材料的生育力和农艺性能。 美国和新西兰研究人员在北半球和南半球开展合作，使实验性杂交三叶草作物的种植面积每年翻一番。