Electrodeposition Leading to Immobilized Enzyme Biosensor Electrodes

小型企业创新研究（SBIR）第一阶段 项目是在分析和表面的一般领域 化学和生物传感器领域。 的推力 这项实验活动是评估一种新的， 基于电沉积的酶生产方法 生物传感器电极本研究的目的是 将含有测试酶的胶体金电沉积在 碳棒和其他廉价的导电材料， 保持酶的生物活性的方式 同时提供容易的电子转移。 研究 任务包括（1）将测试酶固定在 胶体金颗粒通过两种方法（吸附）中的每一种 直接在表面上，并通过 间隔臂）;（2）从间隔臂生产电极; 含有附着的测试酶的胶体金， 电沉积法;（3）测量所述电沉积物的活性。 固定化酶;和（4）偶联电子转移 固定化试验酶对 电活性金表面。 这项研究成果 应该证明电沉积的可行性， 一种生产生物电极的可行方法。 基于酶特异性的电化学传感器具有 在医疗诊断、环境保护、 监控和过程控制。 当前主要问题 商业生物传感器设计由于不稳定性而出现， 反应缓慢，缺乏直接、有效的电力 酶和电极表面之间的耦合。 的 成功完成第一阶段SBIR项目， 为生产带来新的高效技术 具有所需特性的多分析物传感器。

This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I project is in the general area of analytical and surface chemistry and in the subfield of biosensors. The thrust of this experimental activity is to evaluate a new, electrodeposition-based method for the production of enzyme biosensor electrodes. The objective of this research is to electrodeposit colloidal gold containing a test enzyme on carbon rods, and other inexpensive conducting materials, in a manner that maintains biological activity of the enzyme while providing for facile electron transfer. The research tasks consist of (1) immobilization of the test enzyme on colloidal gold particles by each of two methods (adsorption directly on the surface and covalent attachment via a spacer arm); (2) production of electrodes from the colloidal gold containing the attached test enzyme by an electrodeposition method; (3) measuring the activity of the immobilized enzyme; and (4) coupling the electron transfer characteristics of the immobilized test enzyme to the electroactive gold surface. The results of this research should demonstrate the feasibility of electrodeposition as a viable method for the production of bioelectrodes. Electrochemical sensors based on enzyme specificity have broad potential in medical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and process control. Major problems in current commercial biosensor design arise because of instability, slow response, and lack of direct, efficient electrical coupling between the enzyme and the electrode surface. The successful completion of this Phase I SBIR project could lead to new and efficient technologies for the production of multi-analyte sensors with desirable characteristics.