Performance of Water Lifeline Systems During the Whittier Narrows Earthquake of October 1, 1987.

本研究计划的目的是通过1987年10月1日惠蒂尔海峡（加利福尼亚州）地震获得的信息，特别是在生命线研究领域，促进地震危害减轻。惠蒂尔海峡地震对输水管道造成了广泛的破坏。虽然人们一直在积极地研究地震损伤的理论模型，但这些理论模型是建立在对损伤机制不了解的基础上的，而且与地震损伤的直接观测相关的数据很少。需要这些数据来验证这些模型，以便它们可以可靠地用于推导地震设计标准。目前还没有地埋管道的规范。因此，该项目涉及对加利福尼亚州惠蒂尔附近水生命线系统的破坏进行彻底的实地调查和分析。此外，正在将现有模型的预测与观测到的行为进行比较，并根据这种比较和从观测得到的理解对模型进行修改。最后，从模型和观察中得出了设计新管道和改造现有系统的有效建议。

The objective of this research program is to advance earthquake hazard mitigation through information obtained from the October 1, 1987 Whittier Narrows (California) earthquake, specifically in the area of lifeline research. The Whittier Narrows earthquake caused extensive damage to water distribution pipelines. While theoretical modeling of earthquake induced damage has been actively pursued, the theoretical models are based upon damage mechanisms that are not well understood, and there is very little data related to the direct observation of earthquake induced damage. Such data is needed to validate these models, so that they can be used with confidence in deriving seismic design criteria. At present there is no code for buried pipelines. Thus, this project involves a thorough field investigation and analysis of the damage to water lifeline systems around Whittier, California. In addition, the predictions of the existing models are being compared with the observed behavior, and the models are being modified based on this comparison and the understanding derived from the observations. Finally, effective recommendations are being derived from the models and the observations for the design of new pipelines, and the retrofitting of existing systems.