Theories of Cooperative Behavior III

该奖项是基于成就的续订。首席调查员之前的研究已经确定了在简单的环境中开始和维持合作的条件。之前考察的环境包括两人囚徒困境和n人规范游戏。在过去的五年里，这项工作在国际政治经济学、反垄断法、政府监管、经济理论、人工智能等领域得到了大量应用。目前的研究调查了在复杂的人口结构中，相互适应的个人的行动如何产生集体属性(如合作或冲突)。该方法是建立一系列全种群的并行自适应模型。这些模型将是平行的，因为所有的个体都将在同一时间处于活动状态。这些模型将是自适应的，因为个人将根据自己的目标调整自己的行为，以适应他们从其他人那里经历的影响。研究人员不会假设调整过程是基于理性计算，而是假设调整过程是基于从经验中学习或相对成功策略的差异生存。这项研究对社会科学很重要，因为标准的理论和数学方法传统上假设一次只有一两件事发生。在政治和社会中，许多事件同时发生。具体地说，许多人做出相互依赖的选择，这些选择会影响彼此的环境。因此，对平行适应模型的理解有可能增强我们对各种政治过程的洞察，例如：政治领导、公众参与、国内对外交政策的影响、国际政治经济中的政权形成以及国际安全事务中的联盟政治。虽然这个项目可能不会为这些领域中的任何一个提供明确的治疗方法，但它承诺促进对所有这些领域共同的某些特征的欣赏。

This award is an Accomplishment Based Renewal. Previous research by the principal investigator has established the conditions under which cooperation can get started and maintain itself in simple environments. The environments previously examined include the two-person Prisoner's Dilemma, and an n-person norms game. In the last five years, this work has seen numerous applications to international political economy, antitrust law, government regulation, economic theory, artificial intelligence, and other fields. The current research investigates how collective properties (such as cooperation or conflict) emerge from the actions of individuals who adapt to each other within a complex population structure. The method is to develop a series of parallel adaptive models of whole populations. The models will be parallel in that all the individuals will be active at one time. The models will be adaptive in that the individuals will adjust their behavior, in light of their own goals, to the effects that they are experiencing from others. Rather than assume that the adjustment process is based upon rational calculation, the investigator will assume it is based upon learning from experience or differential survival of relatively successful strategies. This research is important for the social sciences because standard theoretical and mathematical approaches have traditionally assumed that only one or two things are happening at a time. In politics and society a great many events occur at once. Im particular, many people make interdependent choices that influence each other's environments. Thus an understanding of parallel adaptive models has the potential to enhance our insight into a wide variety of political processes such as: political leadership, public participation, domestic influences on foreign policy, regime formation in international political economy, and alliance politics in international security affairs. While this project may not provide definitive treatments of any one of these areas, it promises to promote the appreciation of certain features that are common to all of them.