US-Norway Cooperative Research: Energetic Nuclear Collisions

该奖项支持肯特州立大学物理系的乔治Fai教授和劳伦斯伯克利实验室核科学部的Joergen Randmont博士与Laszlo P. Csernai教授和Jan S.挪威卑尔根大学物理系的Vaagen说。他们研究的总体目标是实现相对论性核碰撞的理论理解，重点是激发核物质的一般性质和可能的相变。他们将进行几个密切相关的理论研究的集体性质的核物质，因为他们出现在相对论重离子碰撞。更具体地说，他们正在寻求通过包括碎片之间的吸引力核相互作用和库仑相互作用来改进核解体的真实微正则模拟模型。他们还将通过经典模拟模型研究中能重离子碰撞的动力学、集体横向流的性质和最终碎裂的动力学。此外，他们对超相对论性核碰撞和夸克胶子等离子体（QGP）形成的动力学感兴趣。这些和其他类型的模型将被用来检查在两个基本的能量区域的核物质的属性：最高的能量，现在正在实验研究在欧洲核子研究中心和布鲁克海文国家实验室，和中间能量反应，核多重碎裂和液-汽相变可以研究。美国研究人员开发了中能最详细的统计碎裂模型之一，并将提供这一领域的专业知识，而挪威参与者在几种能量下从事流体动力学工作，并带来了与低能核-核相互作用有关的专业知识。核物理学领域的进步是由于理论和实验之间的持续相互作用而成为可能的。这项合作的理论成果将为分析实验数据和设计新的实验提供有用的工具。由于统计方法被广泛使用，研究可以提供洞察力的统计小系统，使用核作为一个试验场。

This award supports Professor George Fai of the Department of Physics, Kent State University, and Dr. Joergen Randrup of the Nuclear Science Division of Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, in a research collaboration with Professors Laszlo P. Csernai and Jan S. Vaagen, of the Physics Department, University of Bergen, Norway. The general aim of their research is to achieve a theoretical understanding of relativistic nuclear collisions, with emphasis on the general properties of excited nuclear matter and possible phase transitions. They will carry out several closely related theoretical investigations of the collective properties of nuclear matter as they appear in relativistic heavy ion collisions. More specifically, they are seeking to improve realistic microcanonical simulation models of nuclear disassembly by including the attractive nuclear interactions and Coulomb interactions among the fragments. They will also study the dynamics of intermediate energy heavy ion collisions via classical simulation models, the properties of collective transverse flow and the dynamics of final fragmentation. In addition, they are interested in the dynamics of ultrarelativistic nuclear collisions and of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) formation. These and other types of models will be used to examine the properties of nuclear matter at two basic energy regions: the highest energies now under experimental investigation at CERN and Brookhaven National Laboratory, and intermediate energy reactions where nuclear multifragmentation and liquid-vapor phase transition can be studied. The U.S. investigators have developed one of the most detailed statistical fragmentation models at medium energies and will provide expertise in this area, while the Norwegian participants have worked in fluid dynamics at several energies and also bring expertise related to nucleus-nucleus interaction at low energy. Advances in the field of nuclear physics are made possible by the continuing interaction between theory and experiment. The theoretical results of this collaboration will provide useful tools for analyzing experimental data and designing new experiments. Since statistical methods are used extensively, the research can provide insight in the statistics of small systems, using nuclei as a proving ground.