U.S.-Hungary Theoretical Physics Research: Perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics (pQCD) Background in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions

[0000211]这个由肯特州立大学的George Fai和合作伙伴粒子与核物理研究所的Peter Levai以及布达佩斯Eotvos大学的Gabor Papp共同完成的美国-匈牙利研究项目将检验微扰量子色动力学（pQCD）。目的是扩大我们对大能量范围内强子和核碰撞的大横向动量粒子产生数据的理解。该项目研究了在相对论重离子对撞机（RHIC）的核碰撞中产生的粒子，目的是确定非平凡集体现象的存在，如夸克-胶子等离子体（QGP）。研究人员将努力从理论上描述这种相对论性重离子碰撞中的可观测物。美国和匈牙利的研究小组将试图确定一个运动窗口，在那里测量的光子、轻子和强子数据揭示了QGP的形成或其他强相互作用物质的奇异状态的出现。计划包括基于pQCD的现象学模型的发展，以描述实验数据并确定是否需要真正的集体效应，例如QGP的形成，以重现数据。如果成功，数据揭示的真正的集体效应将进一步加深我们对强相互作用物理学的理解。这些新知识对高能核物理学的进展至关重要，也应该对天体物理学和宇宙学做出贡献。该核与粒子物理项目通过使美国和中欧的专家在共同感兴趣和能力强的领域结合互补的人才和共享研究资源，实现了推进科学知识的计划目标。

INT 0000211FaiThis U.S.-Hungary research project between George Fai of Kent State University and partners Peter Levai of the Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics and Gabor Papp of Eotvos University, Budapest, will examine perturbative quantum chromodynamics (pQCD). The objective is to expand our understanding of large transverse-momentum particle production data from hadronic and nuclear collisions in a wide energy range. This project examines particle production in nuclear collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) with the intent of ascertaining the presence of nontrivial collective phenomena such as the quark-gluon plasma (QGP). Researcher efforts will feature theoretical description of observables in such relativistic heavy-ion collisions. The U.S.-Hungary team will attempt to identify a kinematical window, where the measured photon, lepton and hadron data reveal either QGP formation or the appearance of some other exotic state of strongly interacting matter. Plans include the development of a phenomenological model based on pQCD to describe the experimental data and to determine whether genuine collective effects, e.g. QGP formation, are necessary to reproduce the data. If successful, genuine collective effects revealed by the data will further our understanding of strong-interaction physics. Such new knowledge is critical for the progress of high-energy nuclear physics and should contribute to astrophysics and cosmology as well.This project in nuclear and particle physics fulfills the program objective of advancing scientific knowledge by enabling experts in the United States and Central Europe to combine complementary talents and share research resources in areas of strong mutual interest and competence.