Synoptic Solar Velocity and Magnetic Field Observations Using the 150-Foot Solar Tower on Mount Wilson

太阳经常被认为是一颗处于流体静力学平衡状态的恒星，这意味着向内的重力处处与向外的压力平衡。然而，流体静力平衡的假设只是一阶近似，特别是在其表层。在那里，对流、太阳黑子周期、磁场、能量爆发（如耀斑）揭示了一种相当动态、循环和混沌的行为。这项提议的重点是继续对太阳全球表面速度场和磁场的观测，这些观测已经进行了21年。首席研究员还将解释观测结果，这在目前是困难和有争议的。这项工作的贡献是毫无争议的，它将扩展一个价值无价之宝的太阳表面活动数据库，这个数据库已经建立了20年。

The sun is frequently thought of as a star in hydrostatic equilibrium, which means that the inward force of gravity is balanced everywhere by the outward force of pressure. The assumption of hydrostatic equilibrium is, however, just a first-order approximation, particularly in its surface layers. There, convection, sunspots cycles, magnetic fields, energetic outbursts (e.g., flares) reveal a rather dynamic, cyclic, as well as chaotic behavior. This proposal focuses on continuing with observations of the sun's global surface velocity fields and magnetic fields that have been in progress for the past 21 years. The principal investigator will also interpret the observations, which is difficult and controversial at present. The contribution of this work, about which there is no controversy, is that a priceless data base of solar surface activity, already two decades in the making, will be extended.