Synoptic Studies of Solar Magnetism and Dynamics Using the 150-foot Solar Tower on Mt. Wilson

利用威尔逊山 150 英尺高的太阳塔对太阳磁力和动力学进行综合研究

• 批准号: 0101350
• 负责人: Roger Ulrich
• 金额: $ 36.02万
• 依托单位: University of California-Los Angeles
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-06-15 至 2004-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0101350&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Synoptic; Studies; Solar; Magnetism; Dynamics

The investigators will conduct research primarily to enhance understanding of solar variability. The main effort is to continue, and indeed to improve, the synoptic program of observations at the 150-foot solar tower on Mt. Wilson that measures and records the state of solar surface magnetism and dynamics. The sun is the dominant source of external variability for the Earth's climate system and is the source of space weather. Direct study of the sun is an essential part of a program to understand climate change and to monitor and predict the state of space weather. This project emphasizes solar magnetism because most solar variability is directly influenced by the state of the sun's magnetic field. The cause or causes of the twenty-two-year solar magnetic cycle remain an elusive problem that prevents addressing variability in a fully satisfactory manner. Since the magnetic cycle is of a fully global scale on the solar surface, data on all timescales are essential to discover the underlying causes of solar variability. Each day the Mt. Wilson Observatory (MWO) program obtains up to twenty full disk scans of the sun's magnetic field and velocity field to provide a record which can address questions of global solar variability. The historical time series of both fields must be sufficiently long to study the solar cycle and the 150-foot tower program has provided this history since its digital record began in 1967. As part of this project the investigators will consider several corrections to the older data and will organize a workshop for the intercomparison of the magnetic field data among investigators who now regularly obtain full-disk magnetogram and dopplergram records.

研究人员进行的研究主要是为了加强对太阳变化的了解。主要的努力是继续，实际上是改进，在威尔逊山上150英尺高的太阳塔上进行观测的概要计划，测量和记录太阳表面磁力和动力学的状态。太阳是地球气候系统外部变率的主要来源，也是空间天气的来源。对太阳的直接研究是了解气候变化、监测和预测太空天气状况的一个重要组成部分。这个项目强调太阳磁场，因为大多数太阳变化直接受到太阳磁场状态的影响。22年太阳磁周期的原因仍然是一个难以捉摸的问题，妨碍以完全令人满意的方式处理变化。由于太阳表面的磁周期是完全全球尺度的，所以所有时间尺度的数据对于发现太阳变化的根本原因是必不可少的。每天，威尔逊山天文台（MWO）计划获得多达20个太阳磁场和速度场的全盘扫描，以提供一个记录，可以解决全球太阳变化的问题。这两个领域的历史时间序列必须足够长才能研究太阳周期，而150英尺高的塔项目自1967年开始数字记录以来就提供了这段历史。作为该项目的一部分，研究人员将考虑对旧数据进行几次更正，并将组织一次讲习班，以便在目前定期获得全磁盘磁图和多普勒图记录的研究人员之间进行磁场数据的相互比较。