Dynamic Observations of Solar Magnetic and Velocity Fields

研究人员将努力了解太阳上大规模现象的物理性质。主要的工作是对大规模磁场进行长期观测，解释太阳表面上看到的相互关联的现象，并开发太阳内部、日冕和太阳风过程的现实模型。太阳磁场的动态变化在很大的时间尺度上影响着日冕、行星际空间乃至地球环境。短期和中期时间尺度的磁场变化驱动地磁活动，而太阳活动总体水平的长期变化似乎与辐照度变化有关，因此与气候变化有关。调查人员将继续进行目前由即将到期的NSF赠款支持的几项具体调查。主要研究课题是周期和较短时间尺度上的太阳活动机制、日冕和日光层的磁结构和演变，以及预测地球有效太阳对地球环境的输入。这些研究是基于太阳磁场观测的分析，在威尔科克斯太阳天文台（WSO）和其他天文台，如SOHO/MDI，NSO等日冕场的数值模型计算估计。调查人员还将继续部分支持SolarMail和SolarNews。提供这些服务是为了支持一般太阳物理学界。可通过http://spd.aas.org/网站查阅这些文件。

The investigators will work to understand the physical nature of large-scale phenomena on the Sun. The main effort is to make long-term observations of large-scale magnetic fields, interpret interrelated phenomena seen on the solar surface, and develop realistic models of the processes acting in the solar interior, corona, and solar wind. Dynamic changes of solar magnetic fields affect the corona, interplanetary space, and finally the terrestrial environment on a vast range of time scales. Short and intermediate time scale magnetic variations drive geomagnetic activity, while longer term changes in the overall level of solar activity seem to be related to irradiance variations, and therefore to climate change. The investigators will continue several specific lines of investigation presently supported by an expiring NSF grant. The main research topics are mechanisms of solar activity on cycle and shorter time scales, magnetic structure and evolution of the solar corona and heliosphere, and prediction of geoeffective solar inputs to the terrestrial environment. These studies are based on analysis of solar magnetic field observations made at the Wilcox Solar Observatory (WSO) and other observatories such as SOHO/MDI, NSO, etc. Coronal fields are estimated by numerical model calculations. The investigators also will continue partial support of SolarMail, and SolarNews. These services are provided to support the general solar physics community. They can be accessed via the web at http://spd.aas.org/.