Modulation of Embryonic Metabolism and Growth by Urea
尿素对胚胎代谢和生长的调节
基本信息
- 批准号:8816123
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 8.62万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:1989
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:1989-02-15 至 1991-12-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
This is a proposal to investigate the physiological mechanism that links the metabolism and growth of embryonic turtles to the water exchanges occurring between their eggs and the environment. Embryonic turtles form large quantities of urea as the end- product in protein catabolism, and this urea accumulates in all fluid compartments inside their eggs over the course of incubation. The rate of increase in concentration of urea is higher among eggs in negative water balance (i.e., in dry environments), but the rates of metabolism and growth by embryos are lower in the former than in the latter. Research described here will focus on the possibility that urea, which is known to inhibit key metabolic enzymes at low concentrations in vitro, plays, a critical role in suppressing metabolism in embryos with access to limited supplies of water. A pair of experiments will determine (1) whether manipulating concentration of urea inside eggs affects the size of hatchling turtles, and (2) whether the effect of urea is mediated by a suppression of embryonic metabolism and growth. These experiments comprise an important test for a novel theory purporting to explain why animals regulate the osmotic and ionic composition of their body fluids. The research will also elucidate an ecologically important mechanism whereby embryonic turtles balance their demand for water with availability of water. Many species of turtles produce flexible-shelled eggs that exchange water relatively freely with the environment inside their subterranean nests. Eggs incubating in moist environments consequently absorb large amounts of water during development, whereas eggs incubating in relatively dry settings lose water to their surroundings. Interestingly, embryos developing in moist environments (and having access to relatively large quantities of water) have higher rates of metabolism and growth than embryos developing in dry conditions (and having access to smaller amounts of water). Research to be performed under auspices of this grant will ask how the availability of water to developing embryos affects their metabolic waste, differs in concentration in blood and other body fluids from embryonic turtles developing wet and dry environments, and that high concentrations of urea cause and inhibition of metabolism and growth.
这是一个研究生理机制的建议 将海龟胚胎的新陈代谢和生长与 它们的卵和环境之间的水交换。 海龟胚胎形成大量的尿素作为最终- 产品在蛋白质催化剂,这种尿素积累在所有 卵内的液体区 孵化 尿素浓度的增加率为 在负水平衡的蛋中较高(即,在无水 环境),但胚胎的代谢和生长速率 前者比后者低。 述研究 这里将重点讨论尿素的可能性,众所周知, 体外低浓度抑制关键代谢酶, 在抑制胚胎代谢方面起着关键作用, 获得有限的水供应。 一对实验将 确定(1)是否操纵内部的尿素浓度, 卵影响幼龟的大小,以及(2)是否 尿素的作用是通过抑制胚胎 新陈代谢和生长。 这些实验包括一个重要的 对一个新理论的测试,该理论旨在解释为什么动物 调节它们体液的渗透压和离子组成。 这项研究还将阐明一个生态上重要的 胚胎海龟平衡对 水的可用性。 许多种类的海龟 生产出有弹性外壳的鸡蛋, 在地下巢穴里自由地生活 因此,在潮湿环境中孵化的鸡蛋会吸收大量的 大量的水在发展过程中,而蛋孵化在 相对干燥的环境会向周围环境流失水分。 有趣的是,在潮湿环境中发育的胚胎( 能够获得相对大量的水) 代谢和生长速度高于胚胎发育, 干燥的条件下(并获得少量的水)。 在这项资助下进行的研究将要求 水对发育中的胚胎的可用性如何影响它们的发育, 代谢废物,在血液和其他身体中的浓度不同 海龟胚胎发育时的液体 环境,高浓度的尿素导致, 抑制新陈代谢和生长。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Gary Packard其他文献
Gary Packard的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Gary Packard', 18)}}的其他基金
The Ecological Physiology of a Supercooled Vertebrate
过冷脊椎动物的生态生理学
- 批准号:
0112283 - 财政年份:2001
- 资助金额:
$ 8.62万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Strategies for Overwintering by Hatchlings of Northern Turtles
北方海龟幼体的越冬策略
- 批准号:
9612562 - 财政年份:1997
- 资助金额:
$ 8.62万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Effect of the Nest Environment on Survival by Embryonic and Neonatal Turtles
巢穴环境对胚胎和新生龟生存的影响
- 批准号:
9305875 - 财政年份:1993
- 资助金额:
$ 8.62万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
ROA: Physiological Basis for Winter Survival
ROA:冬季生存的生理基础
- 批准号:
8619875 - 财政年份:1987
- 资助金额:
$ 8.62万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
U.S.-New Zealand Cooperative Research: Ecological Physiologyof Embryonic Tuataras (a Unique New Zealand Reptile)
美国-新西兰合作研究:胚胎大蜥蜴(新西兰独特的爬行动物)的生态生理学
- 批准号:
8521823 - 财政年份:1986
- 资助金额:
$ 8.62万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Environmental Control of Metabolism in Amniote Embryos
羊膜动物胚胎代谢的环境控制
- 批准号:
8308555 - 财政年份:1983
- 资助金额:
$ 8.62万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Morphology, Physiology, and Evolution of the Cleidoic Egg
锁链卵的形态、生理学和进化
- 批准号:
7911546 - 财政年份:1980
- 资助金额:
$ 8.62万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Morphology, Physiology, and Evolution of the Cleidoic Egg
锁链卵的形态、生理学和进化
- 批准号:
7708148 - 财政年份:1978
- 资助金额:
$ 8.62万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Metabolic and Structural Adaptations of Avian Eggs
禽蛋的代谢和结构适应
- 批准号:
7518179 - 财政年份:1976
- 资助金额:
$ 8.62万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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