Pathways of Essential Trace Elements in Land and Coastal Sedimentary Environments: Past, Present, Future

陆地和沿海沉积环境中必需微量元素的途径：过去、现在、未来

• 批准号: 8816350
• 负责人: Abraham Lerman
• 金额: $ 10.95万
• 依托单位: Northwestern University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-12-15 至 1991-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8816350&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Pathways; Essential; Trace; Elements; Land

The research concentrates on the refinement and analysis of the pathways and cycles of ten biologically essential trace elements: cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), vanadium (V), and zinc (Zn). These elements are to a variable extent essential to land and aquatic plant growth, and a deficiency or excess of the individual elements in soils and continental waters may affect not only the functioning of their own biogeochemical cycles, but the cycles of other elements coupled to them as well. In general, the deficiencies or excesses of the essential trace elements in different compartments of the surficial environment can be caused by such processes as anthropogenic releases, historical changes in the rates of denudation, climatic changes, changes in the types of vegetation cover, and possibly, releases from meteorite impacts in the geologic past. In the first step of our work on the ten essential elements we plan to establish and refine the mass balance and flux values in the continental, aquatic and near-shore oceanic environments. The second step is theoretical analysis of the main mechanisms that control the fluxes of the ten elements, and of the factors responsible for the coupling of their cycles to the global cycles of carbon (C) and phosphorus (P). Third step is development of conceptual and mathematical models, and their sensitivity analysis, for the individual and coupled cycles of these trace elements, within a general frame of reference of the carbon and phosphorus cycles, as has been worked out in our, and other investigators', earlier research. The goals of the proposed work are understanding of the baseline picture of the ten essential trace elements in the global biospheric change, their potential significance as environmental indicators for the geologic past, and obtainment of the upper bounds on their fluxes and storage rates under different sets of environmental conditions.

本研究集中在提炼和分析 十种生物必需微量元素的途径和循环 元素：镉（Cd），钴（Co），铬（Cr），铜（Cu）， 铁（Fe）、锰（Mn）、钼（Mo）、镍（Ni）、钒 (V)和锌（Zn）。 这些因素在不同程度上 对陆地和水生植物生长至关重要，缺乏或 土壤和大陆沃茨中个别元素过量 不仅会影响它们自身的生物化学功能， 周期，但其他元素的周期耦合到他们以及。 一般来说，基本痕迹的不足或过度 地表环境不同分区中的元素 可能是由人为排放等过程造成的， 剥蚀率的历史变化，气候变化， 植被覆盖类型的变化，以及可能的排放 陨石撞击的痕迹 在第一步骤中 我们计划建立的十个基本要素的工作 并完善大陆的质量平衡和通量值， 水生和近岸海洋环境。 第二步是 控制的主要机制的理论分析， 十种元素的通量，以及导致 它们的循环与全球碳循环的耦合（C） 磷（P）。 第三步是发展概念和 数学模型及其敏感性分析， 这些微量元素的单独和耦合循环，在一个 碳和磷循环的一般参考框架， 正如我们和其他缔约国早些时候所做的那样， research. 拟议工作的目标是了解 人体中10种必需微量元素的基线图 全球生物圈变化，其潜在的意义， 地质过去的环境指标，并获得 下的通量和储存率的上限 不同的环境条件。