The Preservation and Accumulation of Biogenic Silica and Organic Carbon in a High-Latitude Environment: The Ross Sea

高纬度环境中生物二氧化硅和有机碳的保存和积累：罗斯海

• 批准号: 8817209
• 负责人: David DeMaster
• 金额: $ 49.66万
• 依托单位: North Carolina State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-09-15 至 1993-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8817209&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Preservation; Accumulation; Biogenic; Silica; Organic

This project is a study of the rates of deposition, seabed regeneration, and sediment accumulation of biogenic silica and organic carbon in the Ross Sea, and is part of a coordinated study of the biogenic silica and organic carbon cycling in the water column and the sediments of the Ross Sea. The antarctic deep sea and continental shelf environment is the major repository for silica accumulation in the global ocean, and dominates the global silica budget. The Ross Sea is a particularly anomalous area in which large amounts of biogenic silica are accumulating in modern sediments, while the surface production rates are generally below the global average. Moreover the usual similarity between the oceanic silicon and carbon cycle does not appear to hold around Antarctica, and the two cycles are decoupled in that the rate of particulatew carbon deposition in the modern sediment is very low. The overall project is an integrated study of production, vertical transport, dissolution, and deposition processes, using moored instrumentation and direct observations in a series of transects in the Ross Sea by R/V POLAR DUKE. The approach to be used to quantify the rates of bottom processes will be to collect box cores, piston cores, and kasten cores along specific transects in the Ross Sea that included both silica-rich and silica- poor sediments. Seabed dissolution of silica and degradation of organic carbon will be evaluated by measuring pore-water profiles of dissolved silica, carbon dioxide, amonia and nitrogen species, sulfates, and phosphates. Accumulation rates will be determined from radiochemical chronologies. These sea-floor studies will provide the closure for the surface production studies and the water column flux studies that will be carried out by other investigators cooperating in this project.

该项目是对罗斯海生物二氧化硅和有机碳的沉积速率、海底再生和沉积物积累的研究，也是罗斯海水体和沉积物中生物二氧化硅和有机碳循环协调研究的一部分。 南极深海和大陆架环境是全球海洋二氧化硅积累的主要储存库，并主导着全球二氧化硅预算。 罗斯海是一个特别异常的区域，现代沉积物中积累了大量生物二氧化硅，而表面生产率普遍低于全球平均水平。 此外，海洋硅循环和碳循环之间通常的相似性在南极洲周围似乎并不成立，并且这两个循环是分离的，因为现代沉积物中颗粒碳沉积的速率非常低。 整个项目是对生产、垂直输送、溶解和沉积过程的综合研究，使用系泊仪器和 R/V POLAR DUKE 对罗斯海一系列横断面的直接观测。 用于量化底部过程速率的方法将是沿着罗斯海的特定横断面收集箱形岩心、活塞岩心和卡斯滕岩心，其中包括富硅和贫硅沉积物。 将通过测量溶解二氧化硅、二氧化碳、氨和氮物质、硫酸盐和磷酸盐的孔隙水剖面来评估二氧化硅的海底溶解和有机碳的降解。 累积率将根据放射化学年表确定。 这些海底研究将为地表生产研究和水柱通量研究提供结论，这些研究将由与该项目合作的其他研究人员进行。