The Preservation and Accumulation of Biogenic Silica and Organic Carbon in a High-Latitude Environment: The Ross Sea

高纬度环境中生物二氧化硅和有机碳的保存和积累：罗斯海

• 批准号: 8817209
• 负责人: David DeMaster
• 金额: $ 49.66万
• 依托单位: North Carolina State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-09-15 至 1993-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8817209&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Preservation; Accumulation; Biogenic; Silica; Organic

This project is a study of the rates of deposition, seabed regeneration, and sediment accumulation of biogenic silica and organic carbon in the Ross Sea, and is part of a coordinated study of the biogenic silica and organic carbon cycling in the water column and the sediments of the Ross Sea. The antarctic deep sea and continental shelf environment is the major repository for silica accumulation in the global ocean, and dominates the global silica budget. The Ross Sea is a particularly anomalous area in which large amounts of biogenic silica are accumulating in modern sediments, while the surface production rates are generally below the global average. Moreover the usual similarity between the oceanic silicon and carbon cycle does not appear to hold around Antarctica, and the two cycles are decoupled in that the rate of particulatew carbon deposition in the modern sediment is very low. The overall project is an integrated study of production, vertical transport, dissolution, and deposition processes, using moored instrumentation and direct observations in a series of transects in the Ross Sea by R/V POLAR DUKE. The approach to be used to quantify the rates of bottom processes will be to collect box cores, piston cores, and kasten cores along specific transects in the Ross Sea that included both silica-rich and silica- poor sediments. Seabed dissolution of silica and degradation of organic carbon will be evaluated by measuring pore-water profiles of dissolved silica, carbon dioxide, amonia and nitrogen species, sulfates, and phosphates. Accumulation rates will be determined from radiochemical chronologies. These sea-floor studies will provide the closure for the surface production studies and the water column flux studies that will be carried out by other investigators cooperating in this project.

该项目是对罗斯海中生物二氧化硅和有机碳的沉积，海床再生和沉积物积累的研究的研究，是对生物二氧化硅和水柱中的有机碳循环的协调研究的一部分。 南极深海和大陆货架环境是二氧化硅在全球海洋中积累的主要存储库，并主导了全球二氧化硅预算。 罗斯海是一个特别异常的区域，其中大量的生物二氧化硅在现代沉积物中积累，而表面产量通常低于全球平均水平。 此外，海洋硅和碳循环之间的通常相似性似乎不存在于南极洲周围，并且两个循环被脱钩，因为现代沉积物中的颗粒碳沉积速率非常低。 整个项目是对生产，垂直运输，溶解和沉积过程的综合研究，该研究使用了R/V Polar Duke在Ross Sea中的一系列样带中使用系泊仪和直接观察。 用于量化底部过程速率的方法将是沿着罗斯海的特定样带收集盒子芯，活塞芯和卡斯滕岩心，其中包括富含硅胶和硅胶的沉积物。 二氧化硅的海床溶解和有机碳的降解将通过测量溶解二氧化硅，二氧化碳，阿莫尼亚和氮种，硫酸盐和磷酸盐的孔隙水谱进行评估。 累积率将从放射化学的时间顺序确定。 这些海底研究将为表面生产研究和水柱通量研究提供关闭，这些研究将由其他研究人员在该项目中进行。