The Preservation and Accumulation of Biogenic Silica and Organic Carbon in a High-Latitude Environment: The Ross Sea

高纬度环境中生物二氧化硅和有机碳的保存和积累：罗斯海

• 批准号: 9221769
• 负责人: David DeMaster
• 金额: $ 14.92万
• 依托单位: North Carolina State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-06-01 至 1995-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9221769&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Preservation; Accumulation; Biogenic; Silica; Organic

This project is the renewal of a study of the rates of deposition, seabed regeneration, and sediment accumulation of biogenic silica and organic carbon in the Ross Sea, and is part of a coordinated study of the biogenic silica and organic carbon cycling in the water column and the sediments of the Ross Sea. The antarctic deep sea and continental shelf environment is the major repository for silica accumulation in the global ocean, and dominates the global silica budget. The Ross Sea is a particularly anomalous area in which large amounts of biogenic silica are accumulating in modern sediments, while the surface production rates are generally below the global average. Moreover the usual similarity between the oceanic silicon and carbon cycle does not appear to hold around Antarctica, and the two cycles are decoupled in that the rate of particulate carbon deposition in the modern sediment is very low. The overall project is an integrated study of the production, vertical transport, dissolution, and deposition processes, using moored instrumentation and direct observations in a series of transects in the Ross Sea by R/V POLAR DUKE, carried out between 1989 and 1991. In this project, box cores, piston cores, and kasten cores were collected along specific transects in the Ross Sea that included both silica-rich and silica-poor sediments. Based on carbon-14 chronologies and seabed analyses of biogenic silica and organic carbon content, three sites with accumulation rates differing by several orders of magnitude have been identified. At these sites large differences in seabed preservation efficiency exist for both biogenic silica and organic carbon. This renewed effort will be concerned with further analysis of data from the two cruises, including seabed regeneration rates, carbon-14 sediment chronologies, and horizontal transportation rates for biogenic material in the water column, and to integrate these results with production and vertical transport studies being completed by other cooperating investigators.

该项目是对生物二氧化硅和有机碳在罗斯海中的沉积速率，海床再生和沉积物积累的研究的续签，并且是对生物硅和有机碳循环的协调研究的一部分。 南极深海和大陆货架环境是二氧化硅在全球海洋中积累的主要存储库，并主导了全球二氧化硅预算。 罗斯海是一个特别异常的区域，其中大量的生物二氧化硅在现代沉积物中积累，而表面产量通常低于全球平均水平。 此外，海洋硅和碳循环之间的通常相似性似乎不存在于南极洲周围，并且两个循环被脱钩，因为现代沉积物中的颗粒碳沉积速率非常低。 整个项目是对生产，垂直运输，溶解和沉积过程的一体综合研究，该研究使用了系泊仪器和直接观察Ross Sea中的一系列r/V Polar Duke在1989年至1991年之间进行的。 根据生物二氧化硅和有机碳含量的碳-14年代和海床分析，已经确定了三个累积率不同的位点，差异为几个数量级。 在这些地点，生物二氧化硅和有机碳都存在海底保存效率的巨大差异。 这项重新努力将与两次巡航的数据进一步分析，包括海底再生率，碳14沉积物的时间顺序以及水柱中生物材料的水平运输速率，并将这些结果与其他合作研究人员完成的生产和垂直运输研究相结合。