Physical Mechanisms of Morphogenesis

形态发生的物理机制

• 批准号: 8819167
• 负责人: Stuart Newman
• 金额: $ 23.84万
• 依托单位: New York Medical College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-05-01 至 1993-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8819167&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Physical; Mechanisms; Morphogenesis

Tissue morphogenesis is the process by which the form of the body and its various organs are established in the embryo, and by which normal and abnormal changes in the adult, such as wound healing and tumor invasion, are brought about. Dr. Newman and Dr. Forgacs propose to conduct interdisciplinary studies on the physical mechanism of "matrix-driven translocation", and adhesive interaction between particles or cells and extracellular macromolecules that resembles tissue morphogenesis in several respects. The movement of particles in this experimental system will be analyzed in terms of the physical theories of "wetting" and "percolation". They proposed that cells or particles and collagen fibers can form percolation networks, which constitute distinct physical phases. These phases can then spread along, or interpenetrate between, other phases or substrata. These ideas may account for certain fundamental properties of tissues. By manipulating various parameters in the matrix-driven translocation assay, such as particle concentration and size, and collagen concentration, these concepts can be tested in a manner not feasible with living tissues. Moreover, by studying mathematical models of systems that exhibit percolative and wetting behavior, they can assess the adequacy of these ideas to explain various properties and behaviors of tissues. %%% Tissue morphogenesis is a complex phenomenon involving cell movements resulting ultimately in the final form of the adult organism. Drs. Newman and Forgacs have attempted to isolate and characterize a subset of these complex processes in a model system that mimics some of the behavior of migrating cells. They will study this model in an attempt to gain some insight into the more complex phenomena of cell migration during embryogenesis

组织形态发生是在胚胎中建立身体及其各种器官的形态的过程，并在成人中引起正常和异常的变化，例如伤口愈合和肿瘤侵袭。 Newman博士和Forgacs博士建议对“基质驱动易位”的物理机制以及颗粒或细胞与细胞外大分子之间在多个方面类似于组织形态发生的粘附相互作用进行跨学科研究。将根据“润湿”和“渗滤”物理理论来分析该实验系统中颗粒的运动。他们提出细胞或颗粒和胶原纤维可以形成渗透网络，构成不同的物理相。然后，这些相可以沿着其他相或基质扩散或相互渗透。这些想法可以解释组织的某些基本特性。通过操纵基质驱动易位测定中的各种参数，例如颗粒浓度和大小以及胶原蛋白浓度，可以以活组织不可行的方式测试这些概念。此外，通过研究表现出渗透和润湿行为的系统的数学模型，他们可以评估这些想法是否足以解释组织的各种特性和行为。 %%% 组织形态发生是一种复杂的现象，涉及细胞运动，最终形成成体有机体的最终形式。博士。纽曼和福加克斯试图在模拟迁移细胞的一些行为的模型系统中分离和表征这些复杂过程的子集。他们将研究这个模型，试图深入了解胚胎发生过程中更复杂的细胞迁移现象