Collaborative Project: Physical Mechanisms of Morphogenesis

9305628纽曼 拟议的研究是一个题为“形态发生的物理机制”的合作项目。 组织形态发生是在胚胎中建立身体及其各种器官的形式的过程，并且通过该过程在成人中引起正常和异常变化，例如伤口愈合和肿瘤侵袭。 在这个合作项目上的两个PI，Stuart纽曼（纽约医学院）和Gabor Forgacs（克拉克森大学）建议继续一个跨学科的研究计划的想法，组织的“通用”物理性质，如表面张力，界面张力和粘度有助于重要的组织的形态发生行为。 将分析含有悬浮细胞或具有特定表面涂层的细胞大小的乳胶颗粒的模型间充质组织的表面和界面张力和粘度对基质的组成和大分子浓度的依赖性，以及悬浮细胞或颗粒的单位体积数量和表面特性。 界面驱动的细胞运输模型矩阵（“矩阵驱动的易位”）将被用作一种工具，研究形态发生特性的物理和成分变量的依赖性。 来源于禽类胚胎的活间充质组织混合或形成不可分割边界的能力将与细胞外纤维网络的存在和这种网络的实验破坏相关。 一个理论框架将被开发用于解释模型组织的物理，成分和微观形态之间的关系，以及它们形成界面，流动和表现出其他形态发生变化的能力。 ***

9305628 Newman The proposed research represents a collaborative project entitled "Physical Mechanisms of Morphogenesis". Tissue morphogenesis is the process by which the form of the body and its various organs is established in the embryo, and by which normal and abnormal changes in the adult, such as wound healing and tumor invasion, are brought about. The two PIs on this collaborative project, Stuart Newman (New York Medical College) and Gabor Forgacs (Clarkson University) propose to continue a program of interdisciplinary studies on the idea that 'generic' physical properties of tissue, such as surface tension, interfacial tension, and viscosity contribute importantly to the tissue's morphogenetic behaviors. Model mesenchymal tissue containing suspended cells, or cell-sized latex particles with specific surface coatings, will be analyzed with respect to the dependence of their surface and interfacial tension and viscosity on the composition and macromolecular concentration of the matrix, as well as the number per volume and surface characteristics of the suspended cells or particles. Interfacially-driven cell transport in model matrices ('matrix-driven translocation') will be used as a tool to study the dependence of morphogenetic properties on physical and compositional variables. The ability of living mesenchymal tissue derived from avian embryos to mix, or to form boundaries of immiscibility, will be correlated with the presence of networks of extracellular fibers and the experimental disruption of such networks. A theoretical framework will be developed for interpreting the relationship among physical, compositional, and microscopic morphology of model tissues, and their capacity to form interfaces, to flow, and to exhibit other morphogenetic changes. ***