Lanthanide Optical Spectroscopy

由美国科罗拉多大学William Blumen博士和南京大学赵明、吴荣生教授共同提出的“A Study of Atmospheric Fronts Over mountain Terrain”项目是由美国国家科学基金会和中国国家教委共同资助的。研究人员建议研究影响地球地形，特别是中国山区的大气锋面运动的物理过程。他们将强调行星边界层在这一过程中的作用。调查将包括：(1)观察和分析研究，通过地形学记录和检查锋面畸变的各种情况；2)在中国西部天山杂合体等地形特征上模拟锋面运动的数值模拟工作；3)锋面运动与行星边界过程关系的理论研究。研究人员将在南京大学开展前两个阶段的工作，那里有数据、分析程序和数值模型资源。中方研究人员将与美方研究人员协商，计划并执行上述研究工作。理论阶段，包括数值实验的分析，将通过访问共同进行。科学家们并不完全了解影响锋面通过山区地形的物理过程，这使数值天气预报变得复杂。网格分辨率和模式物理可能不足以充分描绘锋面，因此，在大型山区附近的气象预报通常比其他地方更不可靠。本研究是中美两国研究者共同感兴趣的课题。对中国地形影响的特别重视将使西方科学家接触到不易获得的气象观测资料，资源共享有助于研究计划。

This proposal on "A Study of Atmospheric Fronts Over Mountainous Terrain" between Dr. William Blumen of the University of Colorado and Professors ZHAO Ming and WU Rongsheng of Nanjing University is jointly sponsored by NSF and the Chinese State Educational Commission (SEDC). The investigators propose to study physical processes that affect atmospheric frontal motions over the earth's orography, specifically the mountainous regions of China. They will emphasize the role of the planetary boundary layer in this process. The investigations will consist of 1) observational and analysis study to document and examine various cases of frontal distortion by orography; 2) a numerical modelling effort to simulate frontal motion over terrain features such as the Tien Shan complex in western China; and 3) a theoretical study to examine the relation between frontal motion and planetary boundary processes. The investigators will carry out the first two phases at Nanjing University, where the data, analysis procedures and numerical model resources are. The Chinese investigators will plan and execute these aspects of the research in consultation with the American investigator. The theoretical phases, including analysis of the numerical experiments, will be carried out jointly through visits. Scientists do not completely understand the physical processes that affect frontal passage over mountainous terrain, complicating numerical weather prediction. The grid resolution and model physics may be insufficient to depict fronts adequately and, therefore, meteorological predictions in the vicinity of large mountain complexes are generally less reliable than elsewhere. The proposed research is of mutual interest to both the Chinese and American investigators. The particular emphasis placed on orographic effects in China will expose Western scientists to meteorological observations that have not been readily accessible, and the sharing of resources contributes to the research program.