Gender Differences in Wages

这项提案中描述的研究将大大增强我们对工资性别差异随着时间的推移而发展的方式的理解，这里特别关注这一过程的开始。将处理和分析具有其他地方没有的特点的相对较新和相对丰富的数据集(1979年国家纵向调查的青年队列)，并结合关于答复者工作的组织和行业的补充信息。这项研究不是在某个时间点研究个人，也不是重复和定期地研究个人，而是将重点放在雇员与其每个雇主的实际任期，并将研究各种因素对该任期内工资变化的相对影响。在需要研究的因素中，通常不考虑的因素包括特定于公司的任期，这在人力资本和交易理论的背景下是一个理论上至关重要的变量，与雇主有关的职业和行业类别的具体性别组合，以及其他公司或行业特征，如与雇主相关的工会程度或产品市场主导程度。关于工资性别差距来源的另一种理论预期将与统计结果进行比较。

The research described in this proposal will significantly enhance our understanding of the ways in which gender differences in wages develop over time, with particular attention here to the onset of this process. A relatively new and comparatively rich data set with characteristics not elsewhere available (the 1979 youth cohort from the National Longitudinal Survey), combined with additional information about the organization and industry in which the respondent works, will be processed and analyzed. Rather than study individuals at one point in time or individuals at repeated and regular intervals, this research will focus on the actual duration of an employee's tenure with each of their employers and will study the relative influence of a variety of factors on the change in wages that occurs during that tenure. Among the factors to be studied that are not typically considered are firm-specific tenure, a theoretically crucial variable in the context of human capital and transaction theoretical perspectives, the gender mix specific to the occupation and industry category associated with an employer, and other firm or industry characteristics such as the extent of unionization or the degree of product-market dominance associated with the employer. Alternative theoretical expectations about the sources of gender gaps in wages will be compared with the statistical results.