Church-Based Process of Political Action Among Black Women ( REU Supplement )

虽然宗教和种族是影响国家政治运动的重要因素，但直到最近，政治学家才开始建立理论和实证基础来研究这一主题。本研究探讨宗教资源在美国黑人政治动员中的作用。最近杰西·杰克逊牧师在1984年和1988年的总统候选人资格，以及帕特·罗伯逊在1988年的总统候选人资格，都表明以教会为基础的候选人和组织加速参与政治进程。由于宗教在妇女生活中具有较强的中心地位，因此特别注意了解性别在以教会为基础的政治动员过程中的作用。调查的主要目的是建立一个以教会为基础的黑人男女政治行动的模型，可以进行实证检验。这些政治活动将从以教会为中心的运动到参与政治抗议活动。一个以教会为基础的动员框架，利用社会学习和资源动员理论，应该促进我们对影响宗教黑人男女政治活动的动力的认识和理解。该项目的方法包括对1984年全国黑人选举研究（NBES）的数据进行二次分析，这是一项对成年黑人人口的电话调查。本研究包括选举前和选举后的访谈形式。在选举前的研究中共采访了1150名受访者，在选举后的研究中再次采访了871名受访者。对这些数据的分析将大大增加我们对宗教资源在美国黑人政治动员中的作用的理解。

Although religion and race are important factors influencing national political campaigns, it is only recently that political scientists have begun to build a theoretical and empirical base to investigate this topic. This study investigates the role of religious resources in the political mobilization of Black Americans. The recent presidential candidacy of the Reverend Jesse Jackson in 1984 and 1988, and the presidential candidacy of Pat Robertson in 1988, suggest accelerating involvement of church-based candidates and organizations in the political process. Because of the stronger centrality of religion in the lives of women, particular attention is placed on understanding the role of gender in a church-based political mobilization process. The major objective of the investigation is to construct a model of church- based political action among Black women and men which can be tested empirically. These political activities will range from church- centered campaigns to engaging in political protest activities. A church-based mobilization framework which draws upon social learning and resource mobilization theories should advance our knowledge and understanding of the dynamics which influence the political acitivism of religious Black women and men. The methodology for this project involves secondary analysis of data from the 1984 National Black Election Study (NBES), a telephone survey of the Black adult population. This study includes a pre- and post- election interview format. A total of 1,150 respondents were interviewed in the pre-election study and 871 were re-interviewed in the post-election study. The analysis of these data should increase substantially our understanding of the role of religious resources in the political mobilization of Black Americans.