Regional Labor Pool Formation and Occupational Structure in U.S. Defense-Oriented Industries

美国国防工业的区域劳动力构成和职业结构

• 批准号: 8822273
• 负责人: Ann Markusen
• 金额: $ 0.94万
• 依托单位: Northwestern University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-03-15 至 1989-08-18
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8822273&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Regional; Labor; Pool; Formation; Occupational

The location of industrial operations in the United States has changed dramatically since the end of World War II. Recent studies by geographers, economists, and other scholars have found that a large share of new industrial growth is generated by private firms that contract with U.S. military services. These labor-intensive firms have tended to locate in certain northeastern, southeastern, south central, and western states. Although theories have been developed for other industries to explain the locational patterns of production and employment, rigorous testing of locational hypotheses regarding defense-related industries has not been done on a national scale. As a result, relatively little is specifically known regarding the long-term relationship of defense-related industrial operations, labor pools, and other factors. This project will test a set of hypotheses about the temporal and geographical patterns of defense-related industrial employment in order to determine the degree to which defense-industry workers follow jobs rather than vice versa. Data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, Department of Commerce, Department of Defense, and other sources will be analyzed to explore (1) the magnitude and occupational composition of defense-related employment, (2) changes in occupational orientation to defense, (3) regional patterns of occupation by different industries, (4) migration of workers in defense-related industries and occupations, (5) changes in the locational patterns of different occupational classes, and (6) the socio-economic composition and earnings of defense-related workers. In addition to determining the ways in which workers have migrated to regions of net increase in defense-related industrial employment, this project will identify how workers respond when defense-related industrial employment declines. This project will make important contributions to both theoretical and empirical knowledge. By rigorously testing an integrated set of locational hypotheses relating defense-related industrial production and employment to the occupational composition, mobility, and socio- economic characteristics of workers, this project will provide a basis for comparison with other industries that already have undergone extensive analyses. General theories of modern industrial and labor force location therefore will be enhanced. The conclusions of this research will also be of considerable interest to persons specifically interested in the impacts of defense-related industrial activity on the populations and labor forces of areas where such industries are located. By better understanding the processes of worker response to industrial activity, policy makers will have more complete knowledge of the ramifications of decisions to increase or reduce production in this critical industrial sector.

美国工业运营的地点 自二战结束以来发生了巨大的变化。 最近的研究 地理学家、经济学家和其他学者发现， 新的工业增长的份额是由私营企业产生的， 与美国军方签订合同。 这些劳动密集型企业 倾向于位于某些东北部，东南部，中南部， 和西方国家。 虽然理论已经发展为其他 解释生产的地点模式， 就业，严格测试的位置假设， 国防工业还没有在全国范围内进行。 作为 结果，相对较少的是具体了解长期 与国防相关的工业运作，劳动力池， 其他因素 这个项目将测试一组假设， 与国防有关工业的时间和地理格局 就业，以确定国防工业的程度， 工人追随工作，而不是相反。 局的数据 劳工统计，商务部，国防部， 其他来源将被分析，以探讨（1）的规模和 与国防有关的就业的职业构成，（2） 职业倾向于防御，（3）区域模式， （4）不同行业的劳动力流动; 国防相关产业和职业，（5）变化， 不同职业类别的区位模式，以及（6） 国防相关工作人员的社会经济构成和收入。 在 除了确定工人迁移到 国防相关工业就业净增长的地区，这 该项目将确定工人如何应对与国防有关的 工业就业下降。 该项目将对理论和实践做出重要贡献。 经验知识。 通过严格测试一套完整的 与国防相关工业生产有关的区位假设 职业构成、流动性和社会-- 工人的经济特点，这个项目将提供一个基础 与其他已经经历了 广泛的分析。 现代工业和劳动的一般理论 因此，部队的位置将得到加强。 这个结论 研究也将是相当感兴趣的人， 关注国防相关工业活动对 这些产业所在地区的人口和劳动力 所在 通过更好地理解工人对 工业活动，决策者将有更完整的知识， 增加或减少产量的决定的后果， 关键的工业部门。