Catalyst Deactivation and Chemical Process Dynamics

在许多涉及催化化学转化的过程中，催化剂失活是一个重要的，有时甚至是控制的因素。失活主要有三类：(1)中毒--由于强结合杂质在表面的选择性化学吸附而失去活性(2)结焦或结垢--生成碳质残留物的活性损失(3)烧结--因团聚而失去活性，造成活性表面积损失。通常，这些机制中的一个以上可以同时起作用，特别是对于在恶劣条件下进行的反应和复杂的原料混合物。本研究项目集中在上述(1)和(2)过程中，由化学中毒和结焦引起的催化剂衰退的一致性效应。PI计划对这两个过程对固定床催化动力学的影响进行理论分析和实验验证，即催化剂失活对反应器性能的扩散限制的修正，包括对主反应的影响以及失活速度本身。将研究停用的个别模式以及它们的组合。

Catalyst deactivation is an important, sometimes controlling, factor in many processed invloving catalytic chemical transformations. There are three major categories of deactivation: (1) Poisoning-the loss of activity by selective chemisorption of strongly bound impurties on the surface (2) Coking or fouling-the loss of activity by the for the formation of carbonaceous residues (3) sintering-the loss of activity by agglomeration producing loss of active surface area. Often more than one of thes mechanisms can act simultaneoulsy, particularly for reactions conducted at severe condition and with complex feed mixtures. This research project focusses on the congruent effects of catalyst decay by chemical poisoning and by coke formation, processes (1) and (2) above. The PI plans both theoretical analysis and experimental verification of the effects of these two processes on the dynamics of fixed bed catlystic the modification of diffusional limitations on rector performance by catalyst deactivation, both with respect to the influence on themain reaction considered as well as the rate of deactivation itself. Individual modes of deactivation as well as their combination will be studied.