Liquid and Solid Helium at Very Low Temperatures

他们提出在极低温度下研究以下现象：1)准粒子撞击正常或超流体液体3He与液体4He中的饱和3He溶液之间的界面的透射概率。该概率将通过测量自旋波在界面上的传输来获得。2)超流体3He-A中振动导线在极低温下的阻尼。该实验将根据理论预测的sin0依赖关系揭示超流体能隙是否随准粒子动量方向变化。3) 3He中超流体A相和B相界面的Kapitza热导。4)质子在液体4He自由表面和光滑固体表面的反射概率。5)液体3He表面3He原子的反射概率。

They propose to study the following phenomena at very low temperatures: 1) The transmission probability of quasiparticles striking the interface between normal or superfluid liquid 3He and a saturated solution of 3He in liquid 4He. The probability will be obtained by measuring the transmission of spin waves across the interface. 2) The damping of a vibrating wire in superfluid 3He-A at extremely low temperatures. This experiment will reveal whether the superfluid energy gap varies with the direction of the quasiparticle momentum according to the sin0 dependence predicted by theory. 3) The Kapitza thermal conductance of the interface between the superfluid A and B phases in 3He. 4) The reflection probability of rotons at the free surface of liquid 4He and at smooth solid surfaces. 5) The reflection probability of 3He atoms at the surface of liquid 3He.