Species Interactions in Microbial Mat Communities: VerticalMigration and Tactic Responses

微生物垫群落中的物种相互作用：垂直迁移和策略反应

• 批准号: 8906739
• 负责人: Richard Castenholz
• 金额: $ 20.65万
• 依托单位: University of Oregon Eugene
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-07-15 至 1992-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8906739&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Species; Interactions; Microbial; Mat; Communities

Photosensory and chemosensory motility responses in both gliding and swimming bacteria (phototrophic and chemotrophic types) are regarded as primitive "neurosensory" analogs and are presumed to be adaptations that enhance the survival potential of the organism in nature. In this proposal, diel vertical migration patterns of microorganisms will be examined in a variety of microbial mat communities representing highly advantageous strategies that optimize both the day and night microenvironments. The objective will be to: quantify the diel schedule of movements in hot spring and other mats; to experimentally determine the physical and chemical cues to which organisms respond; and to assess survival rate or comparative growth when migration patterns or microenvironments are altered. The vertical up/down migrations over a 24 hr period occur over short distances (a few mm) that represent sharp gradients in light intensity, oxygen tension, sulfide concentration, and other chemical factors. The results will place tactic behavior in the context of the natural habitat, previously undetermined in ecological studies and will provide data for understanding the "selective forces" involved in the evolution of oriented motility in microorganisms.

光感觉和化学感觉运动反应， 滑行和游动细菌（光养和化养 类型）被认为是原始的"神经感觉"类似物， 被认为是适应，提高生存的潜力， 自然界中的有机体。 在这个建议中，昼夜垂直 微生物的迁移模式将在一个 各种微生物垫社区代表高度 优化白天和黑夜的有利策略 微环境 目标是：量化昼夜 温泉和其他垫子的运动时间表; 通过实验确定物理和化学线索， 生物反应;并评估存活率或比较 当迁移模式或微环境发生变化时， 在24小时内，垂直向上/向下迁移发生在 短距离（几毫米），代表在 光强度、氧张力、硫化物浓度等 化学因素。 结果将把战术行为放在 自然栖息地的背景，以前未确定的， 生态研究，并将提供数据，了解 参与定向运动进化的"选择力" 在微生物中。