Adaptations of Cyanobacteria to High Solar Irradiance: UV- shielding Compounds

蓝藻对高太阳辐照度的适应：紫外线屏蔽化合物

• 批准号: 9007633
• 负责人: Richard Castenholz
• 金额: $ 9.9万
• 依托单位: University of Oregon Eugene
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-07-15 至 1992-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9007633&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Adaptations; Cyanobacteria; Solar; Irradiance; UV

Many cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) produce a yellow pigment in the sheaths or capsules surrounding their cells when exposed to high intensity sunlight. The goal of this project is to determine the chemical nature of this pigment, and to assess its effectiveness in protecting these organisms from the harmful effects of short wave solar radiation, in particular, ultra- violet radiation. The experiments will use laboratory cultures and will determine the various effects of normal and enhanced levels of ultra-violet radiation on photosynthesis, growth , and survival, with and without the protective pigment. This research is particularly relevant because stratospheric ozone depletion may result in significantly greater levels of ultra-violet radiation. It is important to understand all the "strategies" employed by living organisms to protect against this potentially damaging radiation. Shielding by sheath pigments in cyanobacteria may represent one of the earliest and most primitive adaptations to excess light and short-wave radiation.

许多蓝藻(蓝藻)暴露在高强度的阳光下时，会在细胞周围的鞘或胶囊中产生黄色色素。该项目的目标是确定这种色素的化学性质，并评估其在保护这些生物免受短波太阳辐射，特别是紫外线辐射的有害影响方面的有效性。这些实验将使用实验室培养物，并将确定正常和增强水平的紫外线辐射在有和没有保护性色素的情况下对光合作用、生长和生存的各种影响。这项研究特别相关，因为平流层臭氧消耗可能会导致紫外线辐射水平显著增加。重要的是要了解活着的有机体所采用的所有“策略”，以防止这种潜在的破坏性辐射。蓝藻对鞘色素的屏蔽可能代表了对过量光线和短波辐射最早和最原始的适应之一。