A Critical Review of Masonry Tests and Recommendations for Improved Test Methods

最近，砖石作为一种工程建筑材料出现在与混凝土和钢材相同的类别中，但在砖石标准测试程序方面却没有取得同样的进步。现有的测试程序不能或不能满足今天的需要，并且将严重不能满足与未来砖石结构极限状态设计相关的需要。美国砖石研究协调计划以及其他美国国家科学基金会资助的研究已经开发了一个关于砖石结构特别是加固砖石结构的静力和地震反应的广泛数据库。这项研究项目使用这些数据来建议对砖石测试标准进行必要的改进。这项研究建立了砖石测试必须满足的与极限状态设计相关的当前需求和未来需求的特定需求，批判性地审查了现有测试满足这些需求的能力，对现有测试进行了必要的修改，并在现有测试缺乏的地方开发了新的测试。这项研究的结果是一套精心记录的建议，用于修改或增加适用于结构地震和静力性能的试验标准。这些建议为支持其他机构或标准编写机构的行动提供了技术基础。

The recent emergence of masonry as an engineered construction material in the same class as concrete and steel has not been matched by equal advancements in standard test procedures for masonry. Existing test procedures do not or are marginal in meeting today's needs and will be grossly inadequate for needs associated with future limit state design for masonry. The U.S. Coordinated Program for Masonry Research as well as other NSF funded research has developed a broad database on the static and earthquake response of masonry especially reinforced masonry. This research project uses these data to recommend needed improvements to masonry testing standards. The research establishes specific needs that masonry tests must fulfill both for current needs and for future needs associated with limit state design, critically reviews the ability of existing tests to meet these needs, it develops required modifications to existing tests, and it develops new tests where existing tests are lacking. The result of this study is a set of carefully documented recommendations for test standard modifications or additions applicable to earthquake and static behavior of structures. These recommendations provide the technical base to support actions by others or by standard writing bodies.