Ceramic Analysis of Guatamalan Archaeological Materials

危地马拉考古材料的陶瓷分析

• 批准号: 8911580
• 负责人: Frederick Bove
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Barbara
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-07-01 至 1990-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8911580&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Ceramic; Analysis; Guatamalan; Archaeological; Materials

Drs. Frederick Bove and Hector Neff will conduct analyses of archaeological ceramics from the Pacific coast of Guatemala which date to the periods immediately preceding and following 250 A.D. This date marks an abrupt change from a group of cultures termed "Terminal Formative" to another set termed "Early Classic." The team will conduct instrumental neutron activation analysis on approximately 400 potsherds, most from the stratified deposits at the site of Balberta. They shall also collect and analyze 200 raw material samples from clay deposits in the region. Together with data already in hand, as well as binocular microscope examination, paste color analysis, and typological and attribute analysis, it should be possible to trace changes in ceramic production and distribution across this time boundary. Although the abrupt Formative-Classic transition has been noted by other archaeologists, explanations for this have varied. Some have suggested that some catastrophic natural event such as a volcanic eruption caused rapid culture change. It has also been suggested that long-distance culture contacts with central Mexico played a significant role. Finally, it has been argued that intra-regional or local processes are responsible for this change. The issue is important because the Early Classic marks the appearance of hierarchically organized centralized states which replace a more uniform and widely distributed form of organization. The question then is what process is responsible for the rise of the state in lowland Middle America. The ceramic analysis should shed light on organization of production and trade and this, in turn, should provide insight into changes in social and political organization. This research is important because it will shed light on the processes which gave rise to the state and led to the development of complex societies such as our own. It will also increase our understanding of the prehistory of the New World.

Frederick Bove博士和Hector Neff博士将对 危地马拉太平洋沿岸的考古陶瓷， 日期到公元250年前后的时期。 这个日期标志着一个突然的变化，从一组文化称为 “终端形成”到另一套所谓的“早期经典。“这一 小组将进行仪器中子活化分析， 大约400个陶片，大部分来自分层沉积， Balberta的网站 他们还将收集和分析200个 该地区粘土矿床的原材料样品。 一起 数据已经在手，以及双目显微镜， 检查，粘贴颜色分析，类型和属性 分析，应该可以跟踪陶瓷的变化， 生产和销售跨越这个时间界限。 虽然我们注意到了地层-经典的突变 其他考古学家对此的解释各不相同。 一些 已经表明，一些灾难性的自然事件， 火山爆发引起了文化的迅速变化。 还已经 认为与墨西哥中部的远距离文化接触 扮演了重要的角色。 最后，有人认为， 区域内或地方进程对此负责 变化 这个问题很重要，因为早期经典标志着 等级制中央集权国家的出现 它取代了一种更统一和更广泛分布的形式， organization. 那么问题是什么过程负责 为美国中部低地国家的崛起而奋斗。 陶瓷 分析应阐明生产组织和 贸易，这反过来应该提供洞察变化， 社会和政治组织。 这项研究很重要，因为它将揭示 国家的产生和发展的过程 复杂的社会中，比如我们自己的社会 这也将增加我们的 对新世界史前史的了解