Expedited Award for Novel Research: The Use of Antifreeze Glycopeptides from Antarctic Fish to Modify the Freezing Pattern in Mammalian Organs

迄今为止在保存哺乳动物器官方面缺乏成功 中 冻结状态是由于中断的 结构 由脉管系统引起的血管完整性 膨胀期间 冷冻，使器官失去功能。 为器官 当血液被冻结时，冰首先在血管中形成， 溶质进入尚未冻结的 来自附近细胞的血管内水， 导致脉管系统扩张。 修改此 有害的冻结模式，提出了一种新的方法冻结在 特别是， 血液中的抗冻糖肽 南极鱼 的 糖肽类将排除的溶质截留在 冰结构中的通道，从而减少或防止 细胞内 水 冷冻实验将在一个 定向 凝固阶段，组织组织学将是 使用低温扫描电子显微镜检查。 整个器官的长期保存会显著改变 移植程序，增加重要器官的可用性 为有需要的病人。 如果所提出的假设得到证实， 通过冷冻保存整个肝脏的可能性将大大增加。 增强

The lack of success to date in preservation of mammalian organs in a frozen state is attributable to the disruption of the structural integrity of blood vessels caused by vasculature expansion during freezing, such that the organ becomes non- functional. As an organ is being frozen, ice first forms in the blood vessels, excluding solutes into the yet unfrozen intravascular water from nearby cells, resulting in the expansion of the vasculature. To modify this detrimental freezing pattern, a novel method is proposed to freeze in the presence of special antifreeze glycopeptides from the blood of Antarctic fish. The glycopeptides entrap excluded solutes within channels in the ice structures, and thus reduce or prevent efflux of intracellular water. Freezing experiments will be done on a directional solidification stage, and tissue histology will be examined using a low termperature scanning electron microscope. The long term preservation of whole organs would significantly alter transplant procedures and increase the availability of vital organs for needy patients. If the proposed hypothesis is confirmed, the possibility of preserving whole livers by freezing will be greatly enhanced.