RUI: Analysis of Pronucleus Motility in Marine Eggs

真核细胞内运动的基本事件是与微管或微丝相关的细胞核和细胞器的定向运动。微丝上的单向运动是由ATPase肌球蛋白介导的，而微管上的双向运动是由两个不同的马达介导的。一种类似纤毛动力蛋白的蛋白可能作为逆行转运蛋白发挥作用。建议研究海洋卵原核沿微管运动的机制。这些卵很容易获得，可以很容易地受精来启动分裂，并且非常适合研究逆行运动性。雌性原核只沿着精子原核组装的微管移动，而其他细胞器主要但不是唯一地沿着这个方向移动。将建立一个体外易位系统来观察原核的运动。负责这些运动的逆行移位器将被定位和表征，并将确定逆行运动所需的其他细胞质因子。最后，对受精前后的运动规律和变化进行了研究。这些研究的结果将加深我们对细胞器运动机制的理解，特别是将表征受精卵原核的运动。

Among basic events of intracellular motility in eukaryotic cells are directed movements of nuclei and organelles occurring in association with microtubules or microfilaments. While unidirectional movements on microfilaments is mediated by the ATPase myosin, bidirectional movements on microtubules are mediated by two different motors. The protein kinesin may function as an anterograde organelle translocator, while a protein similar to ciliary dynein may function as a retrograde translocator. It is proposed to investigate the mechanism by which the pronuclei of marine eggs move along microtubules. These eggs are readily available, can be easily fertilized to initiate division, and are well suited for studies of retrograde motility. The female pronucleus moves exclusively in a retreograde direction along the microtubules assembled by the sperm aster, while other organelles move predominantly, but not exclusively, in this direction. An in vitro translocation system will be constructed to observe movements of pronuclei. The retrograde translocator responsible for these movements will be localized and characterized, and other cytoplasmic factors necessary for retrograde movements will be identified. Finally, the regulation of motility and changes that occur before and after fertilization will be investigated. The results of these studies will increase our understanding of the mechanisms by which cellular organelles move, and, in particular, will characterize the the movement of the pronuclei of fertilized eggs.