RUI: Analysis of Pronucleus Motility in Marine Eggs

RUI：海洋卵原核运动分析

• 批准号: 8916619
• 负责人: Bruce Telzer
• 金额: $ 11.46万
• 依托单位: Pomona College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-04-01 至 1994-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8916619&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Analysis; Pronucleus; Motility; Marine

Among basic events of intracellular motility in eukaryotic cells are directed movements of nuclei and organelles occurring in association with microtubules or microfilaments. While unidirectional movements on microfilaments is mediated by the ATPase myosin, bidirectional movements on microtubules are mediated by two different motors. The protein kinesin may function as an anterograde organelle translocator, while a protein similar to ciliary dynein may function as a retrograde translocator. It is proposed to investigate the mechanism by which the pronuclei of marine eggs move along microtubules. These eggs are readily available, can be easily fertilized to initiate division, and are well suited for studies of retrograde motility. The female pronucleus moves exclusively in a retreograde direction along the microtubules assembled by the sperm aster, while other organelles move predominantly, but not exclusively, in this direction. An in vitro translocation system will be constructed to observe movements of pronuclei. The retrograde translocator responsible for these movements will be localized and characterized, and other cytoplasmic factors necessary for retrograde movements will be identified. Finally, the regulation of motility and changes that occur before and after fertilization will be investigated. The results of these studies will increase our understanding of the mechanisms by which cellular organelles move, and, in particular, will characterize the the movement of the pronuclei of fertilized eggs.

真核细胞细胞内运动的基本事件包括与微管或微丝相关的细胞核和细胞器的定向运动。 微丝上的单向运动是由 ATP 酶肌球蛋白介导的，而微管上的双向运动是由两个不同的马达介导的。 蛋白质驱动蛋白可以起到顺行细胞器易位蛋白的作用，而类似于纤毛动力蛋白的蛋白质可以起到逆行易位蛋白的作用。 拟研究海洋卵原核沿着微管移动的机制。 这些卵很容易获得，可以很容易地受精以启动分裂，并且非常适合逆行运动的研究。 雌性原核仅沿着由精子紫苑组装的微管沿逆行方向移动，而其他细胞器主要但不完全沿该方向移动。 将构建体外易位系统来观察原核的运动。 负责这些运动的逆行易位蛋白将被定位和表征，并且逆行运动所需的其他细胞质因子将被识别。 最后，将研究受精前后发生的运动调节和变化。 这些研究的结果将增进我们对细胞器运动机制的理解，特别是了解受精卵原核运动的特征。