Polarization Aberrations in Imaging Systems

该提案中所述的研究涉及到 通过建模和纠正有害影响， 成像系统中的仪器偏振。 是 受生物医学显微镜应用的启发， 并将显微镜作为一种理论， 实验模型系统，但问题是， 本研究的方法和结果具有广泛的应用价值。 在光学工程中的意义 图像模型 形成、退化和恢复将基于 在偏振像差扩展上， 在光瞳中分解偏振变化， 类似于经典的波像差理论。 用于两维和三维成像的模型 具体系统，极化和差分 干涉对比显微镜，将开发 并通过实验观察进行了测试。 图像 质量将通过点扩散进行评估， 调制传递函数 方法 将寻求测量偏振像差。 了解图像形成、退化和 偏振敏感系统的恢复将 为今后的仪器设计提供指导， 将支持统一的系统设计方法 通过了解各自的贡献 以及光学器件、图像传感器和后处理系统的折衷。 处理器.

The research described in this proposal is concerned with modelling and correcting the deleterious effects of instrumental polarization in imaging systems. It is motivated by applications in biomedical microscopy, and uses microscopy as a theoretical and experimental model system, but the problems, methods, and results of this research are of broad significance in optical engineering. Models for image formation, degradation and restoration will be based on the polarization aberration expansion, decomposing polarization variations in the pupil in a manner analogous to classical wave aberration theory. Models for two and three-dimensional imaging in tow specific systems, the polarization and differential interference contrast microscopes, will be developed and tested by experimental observations. Image quality will be evaluated by point-spread and modulation transfer functions. Methods for measuring polarization aberrations will be sought. Understanding image formation, degradation, and restoration in polarization-sensitive systems will provide guidance for future instrument designs, and will support a unified approach to system design through understanding the respective contributions and tradeoffs of the optics, image sensor, and post- processor.