Collaborative Research: Formation of Organic Nitrogen and Secondary Organic Aerosol Related to Nitrate Radical Oxidation of Volatile Organic Compounds

该项目的重点是提高对人类产生的排放如何与森林的生物排放联合收割机结合起来影响大气中小颗粒物的形成的认识。 一个移动的实验室将被部署到两种不同类型的森林（城市和偏远地区），以比较和对比氮类物质对森林的长距离和短距离迁移的影响。科学活动的主要目标是：（1）确定两个森林地点的大气气溶胶、辐射和痕量气体的特征，这两个地点既有林冠之上的，也有林冠之下的，以及美国中部沿沿着样带的;（2）使用原子比量化SOA中发现的氧化水平（如氧碳比，O：C），并确定颗粒有机硝酸盐（PON）的存在对所观察到的亚微米颗粒物质（PM）的氧化态的影响;（3）研究冠层内梯度和穿过冠层的运输如何影响亚微米PM、PON和氧化剂;（4）确定氮氧化物（NOx）对所有地点的挥发性有机碳（VOC）氧化和SOA形成的影响;（5）比较和对比偏远、公路和城市森林地区的化学性质;（6）使用正矩阵因子分解（PMF）识别导致SOA的因素，以识别不同人为影响水平下的SOA的重要组成部分。以及（7）调查所有地点的NOx的去向。

This project focuses on increasing the understanding of how human-produced emissions combine with biogenic emissions from forests to influence the formation of small particles in the atmosphere. A mobile laboratory will be deployed to two different types of forests (urban and remote) in order to compare and contrast the impact of long-range and short-range transport of nitrogen species to forests. The results will lead to improved control strategies that minimize the health, visibility and climate effects of anthropogenic emissions.The primary objectives of the science campaign are to: (1) Characterize the ambient aerosol, radiation, and trace gases at two forest sites, both above and below the canopy, and along a north-south transect in the central United States; (2) Quantify the level of oxidation found in SOA using atomic ratios (such as the oxygen to carbon ratio, O:C) and determine the impact the presence of particulate organic nitrate (PON) has on the observed oxidation state of the submicron particulate matter (PM); (3) Investigate how in-canopy gradients and through-canopy transport impact submicron PM, PON, and oxidants; (4) Determine the impact nitrogen oxides (NOx) have on volatile organic carbon (VOC) oxidation and SOA formation in all locations; (5) Compare and contrast the chemistry of remote, on-road, and urban forested areas; (6) Identify the factors contributing to SOA using positive matrix factorization (PMF) to identify important components of SOA under different levels of anthropogenic influence both above and below canopy; and (7) Investigate the fate of NOx in all locations.