US-Sweden Cooperative Science: Origin of Polygyny in a Polyterritorial System

美国-瑞典合作科学：多领土制度中一夫多妻制的起源

• 批准号: 8921151
• 负责人: William Searcy
• 金额: $ 1.07万
• 依托单位: University of Pittsburgh
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-04-01 至 1991-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8921151&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: US; Sweden; Cooperative; Science; Origin

This award will support collaborative research in avian behavioral ecology between Dr. William Searcy, University of Pittsburgh and Dr. Arne Lundberg, Department of Zoology, Uppsala University, Sweden. The objective of the proposed research is the collection and analysis of critical field data on the well-studied polyterritorial and polygynous pied flycatcher. The investigators propose to examine the adaptive basis of polygyny in this species, in which polygyny is closely associated with the defense of multiple territories by single males (polyterritoriality). Female pied flycatchers pay a fitness cost if they choose an already-mated male, and they are not compensated for this cost by receiving a better territory or mate. One current hypothesis on why females nevertheless do mate polygynously is that the polyterritorial system allows males to deceive females about their mating status. A second hypothesis is that females choose mated males despite being aware of the male's true mating status, because of the high cost of continuing to search for an unmated male. The investigators plan to test the first hypothesis by determining whether there are reliable differences in behavior between mated and unmated males during periods when unmated females are observing them. If such differences exist, females ought to be able to determine male mating status. The second hypothesis will be tested by determining whether females that ultimately settle with mated males have previously encountered unmated males. Both tests will be performed by following the mate search of individually marked females forced to search for new mates by the removal of their previous mate and nestbox. The project will benefit from the combined experimental expertise of Dr. Searcy and Dr. Lundberg's record of productive field work with this species. The results of this research will make an important contribution to the field of behavioral ecology.

该奖项将支持匹兹堡大学的William Searcy博士和瑞典乌普萨拉大学动物系的Arne Lundberg博士在鸟类行为生态学方面的合作研究。拟议研究的目的是收集和分析经过充分研究的多域性和多雌性捕蝇器的关键野外数据。研究人员建议研究该物种一夫多妻制的适应性基础，在该物种中，一夫多妻制与单一雄性保卫多个领土(多领土)密切相关。雌性捕蝇者如果选择已经交配的雄性捕蝇者，就会支付健身费用，而不会通过获得更好的领地或配偶来补偿这一费用。关于为什么雌性仍然以一夫多妻的方式交配，目前的一个假说是，多领土制度允许雄性在交配状况上欺骗雌性。第二种假设是，雌性选择交配的雄性，尽管知道雄性的真实交配状态，因为继续寻找未交配的雄性的成本很高。研究人员计划通过确定交配和未交配的雄性在未交配的雌性观察它们期间的行为是否存在可靠的差异来检验第一个假设。如果存在这样的差异，雌性应该能够确定雄性的交配状态。第二个假设将通过确定最终与交配的雄性定居的雌性是否之前遇到过未交配的雄性来检验。这两个测试都将通过对单独标记的雌性进行配偶搜索来执行，这些雌性被迫通过移除以前的配偶和巢箱来寻找新的配偶。该项目将受益于Searcy博士和Lundberg博士在该物种领域富有成效的野外工作的综合实验专业知识。这一研究成果将为行为生态学领域做出重要贡献。