Kinetics of Halogen, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Sulfur and Oxygen Containing Radicals in the 0.5 to 500 Torr Pressure Range Between 180 and 400 K

大气化学研究的最终目标是通过数学模型模拟大气中任何复杂的耦合化学反应系统。其结果是能够预测由于自然条件的变化或人为污染物的引入而导致的大气成分的任何变化。重要的实际和科学问题的解决需要获得组成大气化学的许多基本步骤的反应速度(动力学常数)的最佳可能值。这些问题包括平流层臭氧层的稳定性、城市空气中出现了任何污染源排放中没有的二次污染物，以及行星大气的演变过程，包括我们自己星球的大气。这个项目研究了大气化学中最困难但也是最必要的一个方面--测量涉及自由基的化学过程的反应速率，这些自由基大多是大气中稳定分子的不稳定和极具活性的碎片。因为它们是如此活泼，它们在极低的浓度下出现，因此只有通过高度复杂的技术才能测量。然而，正是它们的高反应性使它们成为空气化学中如此活跃的参与者，并使它们能够确定更丰富的物种的命运，如碳氢化合物、二氧化硫、臭氧等。该项目将测量几个关键化学过程的反应速率，这些过程涉及硫、氮、卤素中的自由基-自由基和自由基-分子相互作用。氧气和氢气系统。这些系统是当代清洁和污染空气化学处理方法中的重要元素。

Research in atmospheric chemistry has the ultimate goal of simulating by mathematical modeling any complex system of coupled chemical reactions in the atmosphere. The result can be the capability of predicting any changes in the composition of the atmosphere resulting from varying natural conditions or the introduction of man-made contaminants. The resolution of important practical and scientific problems requires the acquisition of the best possible values of the reaction speeds (kinetic constants) of the may elementary steps that make up the chemistry of the atmosphere. Among these problems are the stability of the stratospheric ozone layer, the appearance in urban air of secondary pollutants that were not present in the emissions of any contaminating source, and the course of evolution of planetary atmospheres, including the atmosphere of our own planet. This project attacks one of the most difficult, but necessary, aspects of atmospheric chemistry - the measurement of the reaction rates for chemical processes involving free radicals, most of which are unstable and extremely reactive fragments of the stable molecules of the atmosphere. Because they are so reactive, they occur in exceedingly low concentrations and are therefore measurable only by highly sophisticated techniques. It is their high reactivity, however, that makes them such active participants in the chemistry of the air and can allow them to determine the fate of more abundant species, such as hydrocarbons, sulfur dioxide, ozone, etc. The project will measure the reaction rates for several key chemical processes involving radical-radical and radical-molecule interactions in the sulfur, nitrogen, halogen, oxygen and hydrogen systems. These systems are important elements in contemporary approaches to the chemistries of clean and polluted air.