Limits on Size and Form of Benthic Clutches

底栖离合器的尺寸和形式的限制

• 批准号: 8922659
• 负责人: Richard Strathmann
• 金额: $ 20.95万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-05-01 至 1993-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8922659&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Limits; Size; Form; Benthic; Clutches

The proposed study is part of an ongoing research program on factors that restrict life histories of marine organisms. Among benthic marine animals, alternative modes of reproduction are planktonic dispersed embryos versus protected benthic embryos. Therefore, the presence or absence of benthic embryonic development commonly has consequences for dispersal, recruitment, and mating, with further consequences for the distribution, abundance, and genetics of animals in benthic populations. Benthic egg masses and brood masses vary greatly in form; patterns of variation may convey important information about environmental requirements, but the causes and consequences of this variation are not yet established. Brooding and other forms of protection for benthic development may be limited by embryonic requirements for transfer of oxygen from the surrounding water or the removal from the embryo of diffusible substances to the water. This research will test: (1) dependence of development on supply of oxygen and (2) models of exchange by diffusion or by interstitial flow. Indications of restrictions on development in benthic egg masses and the consequences of these constraints will be examined by comparative and experimental approaches that use representatives of several major groups of benthic marine animals.

这项拟议中的研究是正在进行的研究计划的一部分， 限制海洋生物生活史的因素。 之间 底栖海洋动物，替代模式的繁殖是 浮游分散胚胎与受保护的底栖胚胎。 因此，底栖胚胎的存在或不存在 发展通常会对扩散，招募， 以及交配，以及对分布的进一步影响， 丰度和底栖动物种群的遗传学。 底栖卵块和育雏团在形态上差异很大; 变异的模式可能传达了重要的信息 环境要求，但原因和后果 这种变化尚未确定。 沉思和其他形式 保护底栖生物的发展可能受到胚胎 从周围的水中转移氧气的要求，或 从胚胎中去除可扩散物质， 水 本研究将检验：（1）发展对 氧的供应和（2）通过扩散或 间隙流限制发展的迹象 底栖卵块和这些限制的后果将 通过比较和实验方法进行研究， 几个主要海底海洋生物群体的代表 动物