Managing the Reefs: An Exploration of Local and Scientific Knowledge (A Postdoctoral Fellowship in Studies in Science, Technology & Society).

管理珊瑚礁：对当地和科学知识的探索（科学、技术研究博士后奖学金

• 批准号: 9002894
• 负责人: Priscilla Weeks
• 金额: $ 2.8万
• 依托单位: Individual Award
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-09-01 至 1991-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9002894&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Managing; Reefs; Exploration; Local; Scientific

This one year, full-time award enables a new PhD in anthropologyto develop her understanding of the scientific approaches to management of natural resources, specifically oyster reefs. She will undertake a one-year course of study in the Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Management at Texas A&M University, sponsored by Dr. David J. Schmidly, Head of the Department. Attending classes with future regulatory employees, she will learn about the scientific models on which resource management is based, including oyster biology, population dynamics, economics, growth, habitat and histories of local reefs. At the same time, field work in the Galveston Bay area among oyster fishermen will focus on elucidating the elements of indigenous models -- the local knowledge fishermen use in managing their resource. Anthropological literature has shown that fishermen often have models for self-regulation which are not apparent to regulatory agencies or to scientists. Bureaucrats often introduce management regimes with the assumption that fishermen have no management system (formal or informal) or use one that must be ineffective since it is not based on scientific information. This project hypothesizes that 1) adverse socio-economic impacts from the institution of rationalized management will be lessened if existing informal management systems are, where possible, incorporated, and 2) both types of management models must be explicit for this to happen. The project goal is to enable scientists to incorporate appropriate indigenous strategies and to give fishermen a voice in management of their local resources. This project addresses a central issue in both theory and practice in science studies: the relationship between formalized, scientific ways of knowing and the informal experience-based methods by which communities negotiate priorities and practices. The investigator and her host specialist and host institution are uniquely well-qualified to undertake and support this project; research and related activities are likely to continue after the period of the award. Results are likely to be appropriately disseminated and useful. An award in the amount of $28,000 is therefore recommended.

这一年的全日制奖项使一位新的人类学博士能够加深对自然资源（特别是牡蛎礁）管理的科学方法的理解。 她将在德克萨斯农工大学野生动物和渔业管理系进行为期一年的学习，由系主任 David J. Schmidly 博士赞助。 她将与未来的监管员工一起参加课程，学习资源管理所依据的科学模型，包括牡蛎生物学、种群动态、经济学、生长、栖息地和当地珊瑚礁的历史。 与此同时，加尔维斯顿湾地区牡蛎渔民的实地工作将侧重于阐明本土模式的要素——渔民在管理资源时使用的当地知识。 人类学文献表明，渔民通常有自我调节的模式，但监管机构或科学家并不明显。 官僚们在引入管理制度时常常假设渔民没有管理制度（正式或非正式），或者使用的管理制度必定是无效的，因为它不是基于科学信息。 该项目假设：1）如果在可能的情况下纳入现有的非正式管理系统，合理化管理制度带来的不利社会经济影响将会减少；2）两种类型的管理模式必须明确才能实现这一目标。 该项目的目标是使科学家能够纳入适当的本土战略，并让渔民在管理当地资源方面拥有发言权。 该项目解决了科学研究理论和实践中的一个中心问题：正式的、科学的认识方式与社区协商优先事项和实践的非正式的基于经验的方法之间的关系。 研究者及其主办专家和主办机构具有独特的资质来承担和支持该项目； 研究和相关活动可能会在颁奖期结束后继续进行。 结果可能会得到适当传播并且有用。 因此，建议奖励金额为 28,000 美元。