The Genetics and Ecology of Toxic Yeasts

致命的有毒酵母分泌的蛋白质是有毒的其他 酵母私家侦探有兴趣评估有毒物质的作用 酵母在酵母自然群落的组织中 物种 研究人员过去的工作表明，这些酵母 在自然界中相对常见， 在所检查的所有群落中（即不同的酵母群落 与各种仙人掌的茎坏死有关， 树木和腐烂的水果组织）。 私家侦探的意志 研究了两种不同的酵母，克鲁维毕赤酵母和P. 耐热菌，出现在腐烂的水果和腐烂的茎 cactus的区别 有毒的P. Kluveri系统是 特别有趣的是，它有一个非常灵活的基因， 显示物种特异性杀伤基因型的系统。 在 为了理解和联系遗传学和遗传学的知识， 和生态学，研究人员将深入研究生态学， 调查分析基因型的P. Kluyveri结合 相关酵母菌种的抗性表型。 这项工作， 同时进行详细的实验室遗传分析， 现场/实验室实验旨在揭示适应性 特定的杀手基因型的重要性应该允许 评价毒素生产对环境的重要性 社区的组织。 建议与P。 thermotoloerans将提供比较信息， 相对不同的系统;一种系统， 寄主（仙人掌）和地理（索诺兰沙漠）。 的 总的目标是了解的根本原因， 社区结构 酵母中的致命毒素代表了 有机会研究一个案例， 竞争是明确的和毫不含糊的。

Deadly Toxic yeasts secrete proteins that are toxic to other yeasts. The P.I.s interested in evaluating the role of toxic yeasts in the organization of natural communities of yeasts species. The investigators past work has shown that these yeasts are relatively common in nature with at least one species present in all communities examined (i.e. the distinct yeasts communities associated with stem necroses of various cacti, slime fluxes of trees and decaying tissue of fruits). The P.I.'s will investigate two different yeasts, Pichia Kluyveri and P. thermotolerans, that occur in rotting fruits and decaying stems of cactus respectively. The system of Toxic P. Kluveri is especially interesting since it has a very flexible genetic system that displays species specific killing genotypes. In order to understand and link the knowledge on both the genetics and ecology the investigators will do an in depth ecological survey that assays genotypes of P. Kluyveri in conjunction with he resistance phenotypes of associated yeast species. This work, in parallel with detailed laboratory genetic analysis and field/laboratory experiments designed to reveal the adaptive significance of specific killer genotypes should allow the evaluation of the importance of toxin production to the organization of the community. The proposed work with P. thermotoloerans will provide comparative information from a relative different system; an system that is restricted terms of hosts (saguaro cactus) and geography (Sonoran Desert). The overall goal is to understand the fundamental reasons for community structure. Deadly toxins in yeasts represent an opportunity to study a case where the mechanism of interference competition is clear and unambiguous.