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SGER: Systematics and Function: Exploratory Research on Locomotion in Ray-finned Fishes

SGER：系统学和功能：射线鳍鱼运动的探索性研究

基本信息

批准号：
9007994
负责人：
George Lauder
金额：
$ 4.2万
依托单位：
University of California-Irvine
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1990-04-01 至 1992-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9007994&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
SGER Systematics Function Exploratory Research

项目摘要

Evolutionary studies often conclude that lineages of organisms have acquired "adaptations" -- novel morphological, behavioral, ecological, or reproductive features that confer some advantage to individual organisms. Very rarely do these studies confirm the actual advantage by direct measurement. One example is the evolution of the symmetrical ("homocercal") fish tail from asymmetric ("heterocercal") precursors. The conclusion has been that the homocercal tail conferred higher speed, greater maneuverability, and faster acceleration. Dr. George Lauder proposes to use newly developed micro-accelerometers, mounted on the tails of fish swimming in flow tanks, to gather performance data to test this conclusion. The accelerometer data gathering will be coordinated with Dr. Lauder's high-speed video imaging and electromyography (muscle activity) monitoring systems. The first performance data will emerge for homocercal and heterocercal fishes. The proposed research is inherently risky, being the first application of new sensors to a biological problem. Extensive software development will be necessary to couple the three data streams. If this Small Grant for Exploratory Research Project is successful, biologists will have acquired a powerful new technique for assessing functional capabilities, and a significant question in fish evolution will have been addressed.

进化研究经常得出结论，生物已经获得了“适应性”--新的形态学，行为，生态或生殖特征，赋予一些有利于个体生物。这些研究很少通过直接测量确认实际优势。一个示例是对称的（“homocercal”）鱼尾的进化，不对称（“异尾”）前体。结论是同尾尾形的尾巴赋予了更高的速度，机动性和更快的加速度。乔治兰黛医生建议使用新开发的微加速度计，安装在鱼的尾巴在流动池中游泳，以收集性能数据来验证这个结论。加速度计数据采集将与兰黛博士的高速视频成像相配合和肌电图（肌肉活动）监测系统。的第一个性能数据将出现homocercal和异尾鱼类。这项拟议中的研究本身就有风险，将新传感器应用于生物学问题。广泛将需要开发软件来耦合这三个数据溪流如果这个探索性研究项目的小额赠款是如果成功，生物学家将获得一个强大的新的评估功能能力的技术，以及鱼类进化中重要问题将得到解决。