Functional Morphology of Aquatic Locomotion in Fishes: Function of Median Fins
鱼类水生运动的功能形态学:中鳍的功能
基本信息
- 批准号:9807012
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 30万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Continuing Grant
- 财政年份:1998
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:1998-07-15 至 2000-07-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Lauder 9807012 The study of how animals move and generate force against the environment has been a topic of interest to biologists for hundreds of years. One key reason for this interest is that it is very difficult to understand how muscles and bones function to cause movement unless one is able to measure the effect of muscle contraction. This appears as force exerted on the environment. However, despite the importance of the ability to measure forces, analysis of the effect of muscle contraction has remained inferential for many moving organisms because of our inability to directly measure force when animals move in air or water. On land, animals exert force on the ground and these forces can be measured directly. But such direct measurements are not possible in fluids, and biologists have lacked a means of making such measurements. This proposal will apply the results of a technique developed recently by engineers called Digital Particle Image Velocimetry (DPIV) which allows direct quantification of flow in moving fluids and the calculation of the force exerted on the fluid by organisms. This technique will be applied to a classical problem in vertebrate biology: the function and evolution of fins in fishes. Because of the prominence of median fins in early vertebrate fossils, their importance in locomotion, and the diversity of median fin shapes in fishes, the evolution of fins has been discussed in virtually every textbook of comparative anatomy, paleontology, and functional morphology. This study will use DPIV to visualize directly water velocity over fins of fishes and to calculate the forces that result from movement. The PI will use DPIV in conjunction with analysis of three-dimensional fin movements and recordings of the electrical activity generated by fin muscles to test hypotheses about how fishes generate force on the water. Preliminary data for this study are presented which demonstrate feasibility of applying this technique and init ial results show the character of the data that would result from this research. This proposal will introduce a powerful new technique for the experimental study of aquatic locomotion, and by directly quantifying for the first time flow around and behind fins, this study will provide novel data on mechanisms of aquatic propulsion and contribute to clarifying a classic issue in vertebrate functional morphology.
兰黛9807012研究动物如何移动并产生对抗环境的力量几百年来一直是生物学家感兴趣的话题。引起这种兴趣的一个关键原因是,除非人们能够测量肌肉收缩的影响,否则很难理解肌肉和骨骼是如何起作用的。这看起来像是对环境施加的力。然而,尽管测量力的能力很重要,但由于我们无法直接测量动物在空气或水中运动时的力,对肌肉收缩的影响的分析对许多移动的生物体来说仍然是推论。在陆地上,动物在地面上施力,这些力可以直接测量。但这样的直接测量在流体中是不可能的,生物学家也缺乏进行这种测量的手段。这项提议将应用工程师最近开发的一项名为数字粒子图像测速(DPIV)的技术的结果,该技术可以直接量化移动流体中的流动,并计算生物对流体施加的力。这项技术将应用于脊椎动物生物学中的一个经典问题:鱼类鳍的功能和进化。由于中鳍在早期脊椎动物化石中的重要性,以及鱼类中鳍形状的多样性,几乎每一本比较解剖学、古生物学和功能形态的教科书都讨论了中鳍的进化。这项研究将使用DPIV直观地显示鱼类鳍上的水流速度,并计算运动产生的力。PI将使用DPIV结合三维鳍运动的分析和鳍肌肉产生的电活动的记录来测试关于鱼如何在水中产生力的假说。给出了本研究的初步数据,证明了应用该技术的可行性,初步结果显示了本研究将产生的数据的特点。这一建议将为水生运动的实验研究引入一种强有力的新技术,并通过首次直接量化鳍周围和鳍后的流动,将为水生推进机制提供新的数据,并有助于澄清脊椎动物功能形态的一个经典问题。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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George Lauder其他文献
Beyond planar: fish schools adopt ladder formations in 3D
超越平面:鱼群在三维空间中采用阶梯队形
- DOI:
10.1038/s41598-025-06150-2 - 发表时间:
2025-06-27 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:3.900
- 作者:
Hungtang Ko;Abigail Girma;Yangfan Zhang;Yu Pan;George Lauder;Radhika Nagpal - 通讯作者:
Radhika Nagpal
George Lauder的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('George Lauder', 18)}}的其他基金
IntBIO COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: Deep Time, Development, and Design: Evolution of shark skin teeth from genotype to phenotype to prototype.
IntBIO 合作研究:深度时间、开发和设计:鲨鱼皮牙从基因型到表型再到原型的进化。
- 批准号:
2128033 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 30万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Experimental Hydrodynamics and Evolution: function of median fins in ray-finned fishes
实验流体动力学和进化:射线鳍鱼中鳍的功能
- 批准号:
0316675 - 财政年份:2003
- 资助金额:
$ 30万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
A Volumetric Imaging System for Reconstruction of Macroscopic Fluid Flows in Organismic Biology
用于重建有机生物学中宏观流体流动的体积成像系统
- 批准号:
0301649 - 财政年份:2003
- 资助金额:
$ 30万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Experimental Hydrodynamics and Evolution: Locomotor Design and Function of Pectoral Fins in Fishes
实验流体动力学和进化:鱼类胸鳍的运动设计和功能
- 批准号:
0090896 - 财政年份:2001
- 资助金额:
$ 30万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Functional Morphology of Aquatic Locomotion in Fishes: Function of Median Fins
鱼类水生运动的功能形态学:中鳍的功能
- 批准号:
0096221 - 财政年份:1999
- 资助金额:
$ 30万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Biochemical and Neuromuscular Basis of Prey Capture Behavior in Flatfishes
论文研究:比目鱼猎物捕获行为的生化和神经肌肉基础
- 批准号:
9623627 - 财政年份:1996
- 资助金额:
$ 30万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Caudal Fin Locomotion: Functional Morphology and Evolution
尾鳍运动:功能形态学和进化
- 批准号:
9507181 - 财政年份:1995
- 资助金额:
$ 30万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Systematics and Function: Feeding Mechanisms in Ray-Finned Fishes
系统学和功能:射线鳍鱼的摄食机制
- 批准号:
9119502 - 财政年份:1992
- 资助金额:
$ 30万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
SGER: Systematics and Function: Exploratory Research on Locomotion in Ray-finned Fishes
SGER:系统学和功能:射线鳍鱼运动的探索性研究
- 批准号:
9007994 - 财政年份:1990
- 资助金额:
$ 30万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Acquistion of a High-Speed Video System for Motion Analysis
采购用于运动分析的高速视频系统
- 批准号:
8820664 - 财政年份:1989
- 资助金额:
$ 30万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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鱼类水生运动的功能形态学:中鳍的功能
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