Long & Medium Term Research: The Mammalian Y Chromosome, Sex Determination and Evolution, A Marsupial Approach

长期和中期研究：哺乳动物Y染色体、性别决定和进化、有袋类动物方法这个奖项的推荐是根据外国卓越中心长期和中期研究计划提出的。该计划旨在使美国科学家和工程师能够在国外被证明是优秀的研究机构进行长期研究。奖项提供了开展联合研究的机会，并利用外国独特或必要的设施、专门知识和实验条件。该奖项由Linda A.Strausbaugh博士发起，将支持康涅狄格大学的Gregory K.Hampikian博士为期12个月的博士后研究访问，与澳大利亚维多利亚州邦杜拉拉特洛贝大学的Jennifer M.Graves博士合作，研究“哺乳动物Y染色体进化和性别决定：有袋类动物的方法”。哺乳动物Y染色体进化的主要理论预测，唯一保守的Y基因是那些涉及性别决定、男性特有特征和X-Y配对的基因。至少在1.3亿年前，有袋类动物(变形纲)从胎盘纲动物(真兽纲)分化出来。研究人员提议从有袋类Y特异文库中分离保存在亚类之间的基因，以详细说明哺乳动物性别决定的总体计划，并阐明性染色体的进化。有袋类Y是这些比较研究的理想选择，因为它的小尺寸(2-3个X，000,000个碱基)有利于文库的构建，而且它缺乏X染色体配对区，从而简化了特征分析。奖励建议提供资金，酌情支付国际旅行、当地出国旅行、津贴、受抚养人津贴(如果适用)，以及为美国本土机构提供250美元的固定行政津贴。

Long & Medium-Term Research: The Mammalian Y Chromosome, Sex Determination and Evolution, A Marsupial Approach This award recommendation is made under the Program for Long & Medium-Term Research at Foreign Centers of Excellence. The program seeks to enable U.S. scientists and engineers to conduct long-term research abroad at research institutions of proven excellence. Awards provide opportunities for the conduct of joint research, and the use of unique or comple- mentary facilities, expertise and experimental conditions in foreign countries. This award for a proposal sponsored by Dr. Linda A. Strausbaugh will support a 12-month postdoctoral research visit by Dr. Gregory K. Hampikian of the University of Connecticut to work with Dr. Jennifer M. Graves of La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, AusPtralia, on "Mammalian Y-Chromosome Evolution and Sex Determination: A Marsupial Approach." The predominant theory of mammalian Y chromosome evolution predicts that the only Y genes conserved are those involved in sex determination, male-specific traits, and X-Y pairing. Marsupials (infraclass Metatheria) diverged from placental animals (infra class Eutheria) at least 130 million years ago. The researchers propose to isolate genes conserved between the infraclasses from a marsupial Y-specific library in order to detail the general plan of mammalian sex determination and shed light on the evolution of sex chromosomes. The marsupial Y is ideal for these comparative studies because its small size (2-3 X 1,000,000 bases) facilitates library construction and its lack of an X chromosome pairing region simplifies characteri- zation. The award recommendation provides funds to cover, as appropriate, international travel, local travel abroad, stipend, dependents' allowance if applicable, and a flat administrative allowance of $250 for the U.S. home institution.