Research Initiation: Reliability of Municipal Water Supply and Distribution Systems Under Recurring Drought Conditions

气候波动可能对高需水量地区的市政供水和分配系统（WSD）构成相当大的风险。该项目将审查这类系统与两种干旱导致的失效模式相关的风险：a)总需求超过总供应；b)需求率超过系统容量。将研究三类水务署系统：只受供应限制的系统；仅受处理和分配能力限制的系统；以及受能力和供应限制的系统。将开发技术，以数值估计在经常性干旱条件下水务署系统的风险。研究结果将为减少干旱对城市社区的影响提供节水策略。

Climate fluctuations may pose a considerable risk to municipal water supply and distribution systems (WSD) in areas with high rates of water demand. The project will examine the risks to such systems associated with two types of drought-induced failure modes: a) aggregate demand exceeding aggregate supply; and b) demand rate exceeding system capacity. Three classes of WSD systems will be studied: systems constrained by availability of supplies only; systems constrained by treatment and distribution capacity only; and systems constrained by both capacity and supplies. Techniques will be developed for numerically estimating the risks to WSD systems under recurring drought conditions. Results will provide water conservation strategies to decrease the impact of drought on urban communities.