The Rising Importance of Skill

技能的重要性与日俱增

• 批准号: 9012584
• 负责人: Kevin Murphy
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Unicon Research Corporation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing grant
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-07-15 至 1992-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9012584&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Rising; Importance; Skill

The project continues empirical work concerning the dynamics of relative wages. Wage inequality within groups classified by gender, age and education increased enormously during the 1970s and 1980s. Relative wage differentials between groups increased during the 1980s, although patterns for the 1970s are mixed. The rise in returns to a college degree since 1979 and the rose in overall male wage inequality since the late 1960s are two of the most important examples of changing relative wages. Previous work suggests that changes in age and school completion distributions associated with the job market entry of the baby boom cohorts affected wages between groups. After accounting for such effects, the data show a consistent picture of rising skill differential. The three major tasks involve an effort to distinguish between alternative explanations. The first task is to generate additional evidence on relative wage patterns by extending the previous analysis to include females, male/female differentials, to decompose changes into permanent and temporary components, and to attempt to identify those skills that have become more valuable. A second major task is to examine the effects on wage inequality of generalized and sector-specific demand shifts. The third major task includes an extension from wages per se to the interaction between wages and labor force participation. The familiar trends towards decreased participation of men and increased participation of women are coincident with wage changes that support traditional notions of positively inclined labor supply functions. The analysis will be based on a supply and demand framework. Several major data sets will be used in the various subparts of the study - the Current Population Survey, the Panel Survey on Income Dynamics and the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth.

该项目继续进行有关相对工资动态的实证工作。在1970年代和1980年代，按性别、年龄和教育程度分类的群体内的工资不平等现象大大增加。在1980年代，各群体之间的相对工资差别有所扩大，但1970年代的情况则各不相同。自1979年以来，大学学位的回报率上升，以及自20世纪60年代末以来，男性整体工资不平等的上升，是相对工资变化的两个最重要的例子。以前的工作表明，年龄和学校毕业分布的变化与就业市场的婴儿潮队列进入影响组之间的工资。在考虑到这些影响之后，数据显示了技能差距不断扩大的一致情况。这三项主要任务涉及努力区分不同的解释。第一项任务是通过扩大以前的分析以包括女性、男女差别，将变化分解为永久性和临时性组成部分，并试图确定那些变得更有价值的技能，从而产生关于相对工资模式的更多证据。第二个主要任务是研究广义需求变化和部门需求变化对工资不平等的影响。第三个主要任务包括从工资本身扩展到工资与劳动力参与之间的相互作用。人们所熟悉的男性参与减少和女性参与增加的趋势与工资变化相吻合，这支持了劳动力供应功能正向倾斜的传统观念。分析将以供求框架为基础。研究的各个分部分将使用几个主要数据集-当前人口调查、收入动态小组调查和全国青年纵向调查。